Vol 6, No 2 (2010)
- Year: 2010
- Published: 30.06.2010
- Articles: 15
- URL: https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/issue/view/5
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER
INVERTING ORTHOTOPIC ILEOCYSTOPLASTY FOR SHORT MESENTERY
Abstract
During orthotopic ileocystoplasty, the short mesentery causes an increase in the risk of incompetence of anastomosis of the reservoir with the urethra. Inverting orthotopic ileocystoplasty ensures a free reservoir pull-through into the small pelvis and eliminates tissue tension in the anastomosis. The proposed procedure differs from the Studer operation in that the reservoir is sutured lengthwise, after which it is inverted between the mesenteric leaves. The posterior reservoir wall is anteverted and freely brought out into the small pelvis. This reduces the distance to the urethral stump by 3-4 cm. This procedure was used in 19 patients to be operated on. There were no cases of reservoir or reservoir-urethral anastomotic incompetence. The mean neocystic capacity was 110, 350, and 490 ml 0, 3, and 12 months, respectively, after urethral catheter removal. The maximum reservoir pressure does not exceed 40 (mean 30) cm H2O. Daytime urinary retention was 94.7%; nocturnal urinary retention during forced nocturnal miction was 79%. The obtained functional results compare well with those achieved during the similar procedures.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):37-44
37-44
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCER
14-21
22-31
MOLECULAR GENETIC DISORDERS IN THE VHL GENE AND METHYLATION OF SOME SUPPRESSOR GENES IN SPORADIC CLEAR-CELL RENAL CARCINOMAS
Abstract
Renal carcinoma (RC) is one of ten most common malignancies in adults and an urgent problem of modern oncology. The purpose of the study was to make a molecular genetic analysis of a number of suppressor genes in RC, which was aimed at searching for and characterizing the potential markers of the disease. Two hundred and nine RC samples were examined, of them there were 192 clear-cell carcinomas. VHL gene mutations were detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analyses while the methylation of suppressor genes was by the methylation-sensitive polymerase chain reaction. Somatic VHL mutations were determined in 35.4% of cases of clear-cell RC (CCRC). VHL gene disorders were found in 53.7% of patients with Stage 1, which counts in favor of VHL inactivation in early-stage CCRC. The methylation of the VHL, RASSF1, FHIT, and CDH1 genes was identified in 12, 56, 58.4, and 46.4% of primary tumors, respectively; that of at least one gene was in 84.1% of the samples. The hypermethylation of the RASSF1 gene was associated with late stages (p = 0.015) and the presence of metastases (p = 0.036); that of the CDH1 gene was related to the progression, invasion, and dissemination of primary tumors (p = 0.009, 0.039, and 0.002, respectively). The findings show it possible to use an analysis of abnormalities in the VHL gene and the methylation of the RASSF1 and CDH1 genes to develop a system of molecular genetic markers of RC.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):32-37
32-37
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. TESTICULAR CANCER
49-55
REVIEW
HYPERBARIC OXYGENATION IN THE TREATMENT OF LATE POSTRADIATION CYSTITIS
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) alone or in combination with other treatment modalities is widely used in the treatment of urological and gynecological cancers. Despite the fact that there is continuous technical improvement of equipment and RT procedures, the frequency of complications due to this treatment option remains high in the early and late periods and generally requires complex and long-term care. One of the leading pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the development of these complications is vascular endothelial damage and hence decreased blood and oxygen supply to the tissues of pelvic organs. Postradiation cystitis is one of the commonest complications of RT. Among various treatment modalities for postradiation hemorrhagic cystitis, hyperbaric oxygenation yielded good results particularly in cases of ineffective standard treatments.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):73-77
73-77
INTERNAL DRAINAGE OF THE UPPER URINARY TRACT IN URETERAL TUMOR OBSTRUCTIONS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Abstract
The paper analyzes procedures for internal drainage of the upper urinary tract in ureteral tumor obstructions. It details indications for and contraindications to ureteral stenting or endoprostethic replacement, subcutaneous nephrovesical bypass. Postoperative complications and procedures for their prevention and treatment are considered. The data available in the literature on rare drainage procedures for the upper urinary tract, such as ureteral endoprosthetic replacement and nephrovesical bypass, are summarized.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):78-83
78-83
CURRENT TREATMENTS FOR UROTHELIAL CANCER OF THE UPPER URINARY TRACT
Abstract
TNephroureterectomy is by right considered to be the gold standard for treatment in patients with urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract. Nevertheless, various surgical treatments are now being intensively developed and introduced into clinical practice and a possibility of using adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy is also being studied. The review summarizes data on various methods of treatment, its efficiency, long-term results and prognosis.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):84-90
84-90
PROSTATE CANCER
CLINICAL STAGING OF CANCER OF THE PROSTATE DURING ITS PRIMARY BIOPSY
Abstract
Clinical staging of cancer is the important element of a diagnostic process that determines the nature and scope of therapeutic measures required for a patient. Objective: to assess the role of clinical, clinical laboratory, and morphological findings in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) and to analyze the pattern of its clinical stages in patients having different levels of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the results of digital rectal examination (DRE) and ultrasound study (USS) of the gland. Subjects and methods. The examination and follow-up records were analyzed in 2579 males aged 38-88 years who had indications for primary puncture biopsy of the prostate. Results. PC was detected in 997 (38.66%) patients. Clinically localized adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 50.85% of cases, locally advanced one being in 49.15%, including that with its invasion into the seminal vesicles in 8.73%. The findings of DRE and transrectal USS and serum PSA values allow one to substantially define the likely extent of cancer.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):45-49
45-49
CONGRESSES AND CONFERENCES
91-97
PRIMARY MULTIPLE CANCER
POLYNEOPLASIAS INVOLVING THE URINARY TRACT
Abstract
The incidence of polyneoplasia was studied among the urban and rural populations of the Omsk Region. Urinary tract neoplasms constitute 10% of the total structure of cancer morbidity, these occurring twice more frequently in the urban population than in the rural one. Polyneoplasias involving the urinary tract are metachronous in 62.8%, synchronous in 35.2%, metachronous-and-synchronous in 1.2%, and synchronous-and-metachronous in 0.8%. Out of 253 patients with polyneoplasia involving the urinary tract, 176 (69.6%) died and 77 (30.4%) survived during 8 years.Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):56-60
56-60
CLINICAL CASE
61-63
A CASE OF COMPLETE RECOVERY OF DISSEMINATED RENAL ALLOGRAFT TUMOR
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue tumor in children aged less than 19 years. In the represented case report, polychemotherapy at Stage 1 of treatment resulted in a complete regression of metastases in the lung and pleura, normalization of the patients health status within 18 months. Consolidation radiotherapy directed to the prostate and femoral bones could achieve a local control over these foci. The emerged recurrence was located in the lung and pleura. The effect of second-line chemotherapy did not exceed 3 months. Despite primary disease dissemination and poor prognosis, disease stabilization and better quality of life (improved general condition, recovery of spontaneous urination, relief and complete disappearance of pain) could be achieved at therapy month 27.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):63-68
63-68
NESTED VARIANT OF UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA OF THE URINARY BLADDER
Abstract
The nested variant of urothelial cell carcinoma is a relatively rare neoplasm of the urinary bladder, which has in turn an aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis. This report discusses the clinical pathological characteristics of this disease and its possible treatment options.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):69-72
69-72
LECTURE
Practical recommendations for the prevention and correction of adverse reactions of sunitinib
Abstract
At present Sunitinib is the drug of choice in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In some cases complications due to the use of the drug make it to be unreasonably discontinued, which potentially affects the results of therapy. The paper proposes practical recommendations for the prevention, timely detection, and correction of the adverse reactions of Sunitinib, which enables the treatment to be performed safely and in adequate doses.
Cancer Urology. 2010;6(2):8-13
8-13
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 36986 от 21.07.2009.
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 36986 от 21.07.2009.