PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS KI-67 AND P53 AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY

Background. Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. The total Gleason (Gleason index) scores are one of the most important prognostic factors in patients with PC. The expression of p53 and Ki-67 proteins is also considered as a prognostic factor.

Objective: to estimate the frequency with which the expression of these proteins shows up and to compare the findings with Gleason scores.

Materials and methods. This investigation studied prostatic drugs after radical prostatectomy. The Gleason scale was use to rate the grade of a tumor. The expression of Ki-67 and p53 was an immunohistochemical method. The data were statistically processed using Spearman’s cor-relation test.

Results. Based on the Gleason index, all the tumors were divided into 3 groups: 1) low grade (4–6 scores); 2) intermediate grade (7 scores); 3) high grade (8–10 scores). Group 1 included 5 (16 %) patients; Group 2 and 3 consisted of 19 (64 %) and 6 (20 %) patients, respectively. The expression of p53 and Ki-67 was observed in none of the low-grade tumor samples. There was a statistically significant relationship between higher Ki-67 proliferation and higher Gleason scores.

Conclusion. In accordance with the results of this investigation, the expression of the marker Ki-67 can be used as a prognostic factor in PC. At the same time, a possible relationship between p53 expression and prognosis in PC calls for further investigation.

1. Epstein J. I. The lower urinary tract and male genital system. In: V. Kumar, A. K. Abbas, N. Fausto, J. C. Aster, editors. Pathologic basis of disease. 8th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2010; p. 993–1002.

2. Epstein J. I., Amin M., Boccon-Gibod L. et al. Prognostic factors and reporting of prostate carcinoma in radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens. Scand J Nephrol 2005;216:34–63.

3. Epstein J. I., Steinberg G. D. The significance of low-gradeprostate cancer on needle biopsy. A radical prostatectomy study of tumor grade, volume and stage of thebiopsied and multifocal tumor. Cancer1990;66:1927–32.

4. Aprikian A. G., Cordon-Cardo C., Fair W. R. et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation in metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. J Urol 1994;151:914–9.

5. Borre M., Stausbot-Gron B., Overgaard J. P53 accumulation associated with Bcl-2, the proliferation marker MIB-1 and survival in patients with prostate cancer subjected to watchful waiting. J Urol 2000;164:716–21.

6. Laitinen S., Martikainen P. M., Tammela T. L., Visakorpi T. Cellular changes in prostate cancer cells induced by intermittent androgen suppression. Eur Urol 2007;52:725–32.

7. Theodoropoulos V. E., Tsigka A., Mihalopoulou A. et al. Evaluation of neuroendocrine staining and androgen receptor expression in incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma: Prognostic implications. Urology 2005;66:897–902.

8. Aaltomaa S., Lipponen P., Vasalainen S. et al. Value of Ki-67 immuno labellingas aprognostic factor in prostate cancer. Eur Urol 1997;32:410–5.

9. Minner S., Wittmer C., Graefen M. et al. High level PSMA expression is associated with early PSA recurrence in surgically treated prostate cancer. Prostate 2011;71: 281–8.

10. Chi S. G., Dever White R. W., Meyers F. J. et al. P53 in prostate cancer: Frequent expressed transition mutation. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994;86:926–33.

11. Sasor A., Wagrowska-Danilewicz M., Danilewicz M. Ki-67Antigenand P 53 protein expression in benignand malignant prostatic Lesions. Pol J Pathol 2000;51:31–6.

12. Haussler O., Epstein J. I., Amin M. B. et al. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, oncogene, and tumor suppressor gene status in adenosis with comparision to benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and cancer. Hum Pathol 1999;30:1077–86.

13. Nilsson S., Nordgren H., Karlberg L. et al.Expression of estramustine-binding protein (EMBP) and the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 in prostatic carcinomas. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1988;110:31–7.