МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МАРКЕРЫ ПРОГНОЗА ПРИ РАКЕ МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ

Рак мочевого пузыря (РМП) остается актуальной проблемой онкоурологии. Несмотря на то, что факторы риска РМП изучены и описаны в литературе, выявляются новые молекулярно-генетические механизмы, предрасполагающие к развитию заболевания. В патогенез РМП вовлечено множество клеточных процессов. Менее агрессивные, неинвазивные, медленно прогрессирующие формы РМП характеризуются активацией системы Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (Ras-MAPK). Более агрессивные опухоли с низкой раковоспецифической выживаемостью, характеризуются изменениями в генах ретинобластомы и p53. Предпринимаются попытки разработать прогностические тесты, предсказывающие развитие опухоли, выбор тактики лечения. В перспективе в лечении пациентов РМП будут использоваться молекулярно-генетические маркеры, позволяющие достоверно предсказать поведение опухоли у пациента и выбрать индивидуальную тактику лечения.

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