USE OF FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION ASSAY ON URINE SEDIMENT CELLS TO DIAGNOSE URINARY BLADDER CANCER AND ITS RECURRENCESY

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to detect tumor cells in the urine sediment of patients diagnosed as having urinary bladder cancer (UBC). For this, the investigators applied a fluorescence DNA probe kit (UroVysion) that could reveal the cytogenetic abnormalities characteristic for UBC, such as hyperploidy for chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and deletion of the 9p21 locus, in the cast-off cells. Twenty-eight patients with the primary diagnosis of UBC, 12 with its suspected recurrence, 3 subjects without UBC were examined. The findings were compared with cystoscopic data after urine samples were taken. The sensitivity of the UroVysion test totaled 78.5 ± 9.7 % for all stages of primary cancer (pT1-pT4), 87.5 ± 11.6 % for its early stage (рТ1), and 100 % for UBC recurrences. Hyperploidy was a predominant type of cytogenetic abnormalities in the cast-off tumor cells. Among the abnormal cells, the types of hyperploidy (tri-, tetrasomy) were most common for chromosome 3 and less for chromosome 7. Thus, the UroVysion test is a noninvasive highly sensitive tool that may be used in clinical practice to improve the diagnosis of UBC, to detect recurrences, and to monitor the efficiency of treatment.

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