Late progression of renal cell carcinoma after 32 years: clinical case

In 2022, renal cell carcinoma was the 10th (3.9 %) most common cancer in the Russian Federation. According to the World Health Organization, in 2020 431,288 new cases of kidney cancer were detected worldwide, and by 2040 the incidence will increase up to 605,726 cases. Local recurrence of the disease develops in 1.8–14.6 % of patients with localized and locally advanced kidney cancer who underwent radical nephrectomy. Surgery, if technically possible, is the gold standard for the treatment of patients with solitary or single (≤2) metastases of any location, and in most cases, it requires aggressive tactics.

Many large randomized trials have investigated adjuvant therapy using targeted drugs for renal cell carcinoma but no statistically significant differences in risk of death and progression irrespective of the drugs used or treatment duration has been shown. Currently, only the KEYNOTE-564 randomized trial has demonstrated an increase in recurrencefree survival in patients with intermediate-high and high risk renal cell carcinoma.

The article presents a clinical case of late progression of renal cell carcinoma in extraperitoneal lymph nodes 32 years after combination treatment (radical nephrectomy + external beam radiotherapy on the bed of the resected kidney).

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