Pharmacoeconomic aspects of using enzalutamide and abiraterone for treatment of chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Background. Enzalutamide and abiraterone are hormonal antineoplastic drugs used for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Both drugs were proved to be effective in randomized controlled trials.

Objective. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of using enzalutamide and abiraterone for treatment of chemotherapy-naive patients with mCRPC from the perspective of Russian healthcare system in 2019.

Materials and methods. We proposed a Markov model of mCRPC progression on three treatment options: enzalutamide, abiraterone or active monitoring with no antineoplastic treatment in the 1st line setting. The model was based on indirect treatment comparison of considered drugs. Modelling period was 5 years. The model was used for calculating per patient medical costs, and further cost–effectiveness, cost–utility and budget impact analysis.

Results. Monthly medication costs of enzalutamide were 183 551 rubles, which were 23 766 rubles (11.5 %) less than for abiraterone (207 224 rubles). 5-year total medical costs for enzalutamide were 5633 thousand rubles per patient, that were 67 499 rubles (1.2 %) less than for abiraterone. Incremental cost/effectiveness ratio for enzalutamide vs active monitoring was 533 thousand rubles per one life-month gained, compared to 623 thousand rubles per one life-month gained for abiraterone. If 7328 mCRPC chemotherapy-naive patients receive enzalutamide, Russian government healthcare spending will be 495 million rubles (1.2 %) less, compared to abiraterone.

Conclusion. With comparable costs enzalutamide is a cost-effective treatment option of chemotherapy-naive mCRPC patients, compared to abiraterone, in Russia.

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