Second-line hormonal therapy with the enzalutamid in patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PC) is an actual problem of modern oncourology due to the continuing high rates of this disease morbidity and mortality. Despite improvements in diagnostic techniques, incidence of common forms of the disease remain to be high. Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a disease with an extremely poor prognosis, in which standard methods of hormonal treatment are ineffective. Heterogeneity of CRPC patient population requires differentiated approach to the administration of therapy based on the availability of various prognostic factors. Not so long ago chemotherapy with docetaxel was the main treatment for this group of patients. Second-line hormonal therapy was introduced into clinical practice in 2011 with the advent of new drugs aimed at the complete suppression of testosterone production. Enzalutamid, a new drug for second-line hormonal therapy, has essentially different mechanism of action. It is able to block androgen receptors selectively and disrupt translocation of the signal from the receptor into the cell and into the cell nucleus. Large randomized trials that studied the effectiveness of this drug allowed to register it for clinical use, including our country. An article presents a review of the literature on clinical trials devoted to the use of a drug in CRPC patients.