Современные подходы в лечении опухолей единственной почки

Новообразования единственной почки составляют <1–5 % среди всех опухолей почечной паренхимы. Нефронсберегающее лечение является методом выбора у пациентов с опухолью единственной почки. Онкологическая безопасность и максимальное сохранение паренхимы почки – основные цели нефронсберегающего лечения. В рамках персонализированного подхода пациентам могут быть предложены резекция почки (открытая, робот-ассистированная, лапароскопическая техники), термальная аблация, стереотаксическая лучевая терапия, а также активное наблюдение.

Изучаются варианты назначения иммуноонкологических препаратов, ингибиторов тирозинкиназы в неоадъювантном режиме с последующим выполнением резекции почки. Иногда выполнить нефронсберегающее лечение не представляется возможным и требуется радикальная нефрэктомия.

Данный обзор дает комплексную оценку возможных вариантов лечения новообразований единственной почки.

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