Биомаркеры, определяющие лечебную тактику при метастатическом уротелиальном раке

Внедрение в клиническую практику инновационных методов лекарственной терапии и биотерапии существенно изменило тактику лечения метастатического уротелиального рака. В настоящее время лечебные схемы успешно дополняются иммунотерапией (ингибиторы иммунных контрольных точек) или таргетной терапией, и эффективность таких комбинаций может быть достаточно высокой, но оптимальную последовательность различных видов лекарственной терапии еще предстоит установить. Для выбора правильной последовательности назначения препаратов необходима разработка алгоритмов с применением надежных биомаркеров. До настоящего времени основополагающими маркерами выбора альтернативных схем лечения при метастатическом уротелиальном раке были экспрессия лиганда программируемой клеточной гибели 1 (PD-L1) и изменение рецепторов фактора роста фибробластов 1–4-го типов (FGFR1–4). Список полезных и достаточно информативных биомаркеров расширяется. В статье суммированы данные относительно изученных биологических маркеров для выбора тактики лечения метастатического уротелиального рака.

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