Брахитерапия рака предст ательной железы: сравнительная характеристика методик

Внутритканевое введение источников излучения является самым «молодым» методом радикального лечения больных раком предстательной железы (РПЖ). Высокий уровень эффективности, сопоставимый с простатэктомией при существенно более низкой частоте осложнений обусловливает стремительный рост клинического использования брахитерапии (БТ). В зависимости от мощности источника излучения и способа его введения в предстательную железу различают два вида БТ – высокодозную (ВДБТ), характеризующуюся кратковременным внутритканевым введением источника высокой мощности дозы (временную), и низкодозную (НДБТ), при которой осуществляется перманентная установка источника низкой мощности дозы (постоянную). В основе этих 2 методов лежит единый принцип введения источника гамма-излучения непосредственно в опухоль. Вместе с тем методические и технические особенности ВДБТ и НДБТ обусловливают существенные различия в показаниях к их использованию, эффективности у больных с различной распространенностью и агрессивностью опухолевого процесса, а также в частоте, характере, степени выраженности и продолжительности нежелательных эффектов лечения.

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