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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">891</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-4-110-117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bladder cancer: what’s new in 2017—2018</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рак мочевого пузыря: что нового в 2017-2018 гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6112-2840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karyakin</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карякин</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карякин Олег Борисович - заведующий отделением лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии рака предстательной железы, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ.</p><p>249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4.</p></bio><email>Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Сергей Анатольевич - директор МРНЦ им.А.Ф.Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, заслуженный врач РФ.</p><p>249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4.</p></bio><email>Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каприн Андрей Дмитриевич - генеральный директор ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заслуженный врач РФ.</p><p>249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4.</p></bio><email>Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center — branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр им А.Ф. Цыба — филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» МЗ РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>117</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-12-07"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-12-10"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/891">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/891</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper reviews the basic avenues of research and the recent developments in clinical research. Bladder cancer remains a mystery disease, it puts oncologists and urologists a lot of questions that hard to answer. According to epidemiological data of 2017 bladder cancer incidence increased in Russia, and bladder cancer of the late stages was diagnosed in the large amount of patients in 2017: in 12.9 % of all patients with newly detected bladder cancer clinical stage III was diagnosed, and in 9.9 % of patients the cancer of the stage IV was diagnosed. The mortality among patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer was 14.9 % in the 1st year after the disease diagnosis. Cancer research carried out in the last decades focused on the tumor biology, tumor pathogenesis and the development of new diagnostic and treatment methods. Clinical treatment results and biological characteristics of the tumor were compared and some practical conclusions were made. Comparative effectiveness of surgery, radiation therapy and drug therapy for cancer treatment was analyzed. Special attention was paid to the rate of complications developed immediately after the radical cystectomy and in 30 and 90 days after the surgery. This is the problem of great importance because the presence of complications has impact on the cost of the treatment. Clinical studies of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors effectiveness in patients with advanced urothelal cancer were described in the paper.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак мочевого пузыря остается трудной проблемой для онкологов и урологов. В России имеется тенденция к росту заболеваемости раком мочевого пузыря, а также отмечается большое число больных с поздними стадиями. Так, в 2017г. III клиническая стадия была зарегистрирована у 12,9 % всех выявленных больных, а IV стадия — у 9,9 %. Остается высокой смертность в течение первого года с момента выявления заболевания — 14,9 %. Целью исследований последних десятилетий является изучение биологии опухоли и ее патогенеза, разработка новых технологий диагностики и лечения. В настоящем обзоре представлены основные направления последних исследований и полученные клинические данные. Проведено сравнение клинических данных с биологическими характеристиками опухоли, что позволило сделать определенные практические выводы. Представлены результаты сравнительных исследований хирургических, лучевых и лекарственных методов. Все больше в литературе уделяется внимание частоте осложнений как непосредственно после радикальной цистэктомии, так и через 30 и 90 дней после операции. От этого зависят затраты и стоимость всего периода лечения. Представлены обновленные данные клинических исследований ингибиторов PD-1/PD-L1 при распространенном уротелиальном раке.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>incidence</kwd><kwd>molecular characteristics of the tumor</kwd><kwd>non-adjuvant chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>immunotherapy</kwd><kwd>radiation therapy</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>treatment cost</kwd><kwd>atezolizumab</kwd><kwd>PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>молекулярная характеристика опухоли</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>стоимость лечения</kwd><kwd>пембролизумаб</kwd><kwd>атезолизумаб</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы PD-1/PD-L1</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Leow J.J., Cole A.P., Seisen T. Variations in the costs of radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in the USA. 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