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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">836</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-3-92-106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. TESTICULAR CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак яичка</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">GENETIC ASPECTS OF TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME AND ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ СИНДРОМА ТЕСТИКУЛЯРНОЙ ДИСГЕНЕЗИИ И СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ ЕГО СОСТОЯНИЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2835-5992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtsova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немцова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991; 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Немцова Марина Вячеславовна - заведующая лабораторией медицинской генетики, доктор биологических наук, профессор, ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова.</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1.</p></bio><email>nemtsova_m_v@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dantsev</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данцев</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build.1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данцев Илья Сергеевич    - аспирант кафедры медицинской генетики с курсом пренатальной диагностики ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России.</p><p>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1.</p></bio><email>Dr.Dantsev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-8708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylenko</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайленко</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991; 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-1511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Loran</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоран</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build.1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993 Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Centre of Medical Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-06-15"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-08-25"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/836">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/836</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Today it is noted that the most cases of the hypospadias, cryptorchidism, testicular microlithiasis, as well as problems of semen quality and testicular germ cell tumours can be a clinical manifestation of testicular dysgenesis syndrome caused by abnormal development of reproductive organs. In the last decade, technological progress in the molecular genetics has made possible to carry out a directed search for genetic factors associated with reproductive disorders in men. In the review we attempted to analyze available literature data on the testicular dysgenesis syndrome and its constituent condition and also to consider the risk factors associated with its development. We give particular attention to the consideration of genetic factors that determine the manifestation of testicular microlithiasis, cryptorchidism and testicular germ cell tumors, both individual clinical conditions and in the syndrome of testicular dysgenesis. Knowledge of the genetic aspects of reproductive damage will allow us to characterize the complex interconnection of the human genome with the clinical phenotype, clarify the role of unfavorable factors of the environment and the lifestyle of the individual, and suggest new approaches to treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>При изучении мужского бесплодия отмечено, что в большинстве случаев гипоспадия, крипторхизм, тестикулярный микролитиаз, а также нарушение сперматогенеза и герминогенные опухоли яичка могут быть клиническим проявлением синдрома тестикулярной дисгенезии, причиной которого является нарушение эмбрионального развития репродуктивных органов. В последнее десятилетие технологический прогресс в области молекулярной генетики позволил осуществить направленный поиск генетических факторов, связанных с нарушением репродукции у мужчин. В настоящем обзоре мы попытались проанализировать имеющиеся данные литературы относительно синдрома тестикулярной дисгенезии и составляющих его состояний, а также факторов риска, связанных с его развитием. Особое внимание уделено рассмотрению генетических факторов, обусловливающих проявление тестикулярного микролитиаза, крипторхизма и герминогенных опухолей яичка как отдельных клинических состояний, так и в составе синдрома тестикулярной дисгенезии. Знание генетических аспектов нарушения репродукции позволит охарактеризовать сложную взаимосвязь генома человека с клиническим фенотипом, прояснить роль неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды и образа жизни индивидуума и предложить новые подходы к лечению.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>testicular germ cell tumor</kwd><kwd>testicular microlithiasis</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)</kwd><kwd>high-risk genotype</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd><kwd>testicular dysgenesis syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>герминогенная опухоль яичка</kwd><kwd>тестикулярный микролитиаз</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)</kwd><kwd>генотип высокого риска</kwd><kwd>фактор риска</kwd><kwd>синдром тестикулярной дисгенезии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grasso C., Zugna D., Fiano V. et al. 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