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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">816</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-4-103-109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Small-cell bladder cancer: literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мелкоклеточный рак мочевого пузыря: обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-7318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsedenova</surname><given-names>K. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цеденова</surname><given-names>К. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цеденова Кермен Олеговна - аспирант кафедры онкологии.</p><p>127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><email>k.o.tsedenova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-0880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комаров</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p/><p>Комаров Максим Игоревич - научный сотрудник отделения урологии.</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><email>0050037@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-735X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panakhov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панахов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панахов Анар Давудович - научнй сотрудник отделения урологии.</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><email>anar@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-9527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-5484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-0717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Beshtoev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бештоев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова МЗ РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина МЗ РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>103</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-04-24"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-09-02"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/816">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/816</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Worldwide, bladder cancer is the 7<sup>th </sup>most common cancer type in men and 11<sup>th</sup> in both sexes. The standardized by age incidence is 9.0 cases per 100.000 people among men and 2.2 cases per 100.000 people among women.</p><p>The most common (&gt;90 %) histological form of malignant epithelial tumors of the bladder is transitional cell carcinoma. Transitional cell carcinoma with squamous cell, glandular, or trophoblastic differentiation is rare. Squamous cell carcinoma comprises about 5 % of malignant epithelial bladder tumors, adenocarcinomas from 0.5 to 2.0 %. Small-cell and spindle-cell carcinomas are exceptionally rare (&lt;0.5 %). Primary small-cell, or neuroendocrine, carcinoma is a very rare disease with incidence of &lt;0.5 % of all bladder tumors. Presumably, small-cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is similar to small-cell carcinoma of the lung and consists of a population of a relatively homogenous cells with scant cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei; extensive necrosis is also common. Histogenesis of SCCB is unknown, but there are 2 hypotheses on development of cancerous cells: from rare neuroendocrine cells and multipotent stem cells of the bladder.</p><p>Prognosis is poor for most patients: in the report by I. Trias et al., median survival was less than 1 year, long-term survival for 5 or more years was extremely rare. In more than a half of patients, metastatic lesions of the regional lymph nodes, liver, or bones were observed during diagnosis.</p><p>In the Russian literature, the problem of SCCB remains insufficiently investigated due to low incidence of this morphological type. Treatment is mostly administered empirically.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак мочевого пузыря занимает 7-е место по распространенности в мире у мужчин и 11-е у обоих полов. По всему миру стандартизованная по возрасту частота заболевания составляет 9,0 случая на 100 тыс. населения среди мужчин и 2,2 случая на 100 тыс. населения среди женщин.</p><p>Наиболее распространенной (&gt;90 %) гистологической формой злокачественных эпителиальных новообразований мочевого пузыря является переходно-клеточный рак. Редко встречается переходно-клеточный рак с плоскоклеточной, железистой или трофобластической дифференциацией. Плоскоклеточный рак составляет около 5 %, от 0,5 до 2,0 % злокачественных эпителиальных опухолей мочевого пузыря представлены аденокарциномой. Исключительно редко (&lt;0,5 %) встречаются мелкоклеточная и веретеноклеточная карциномы.</p><p>Первичный мелкоклеточный, или нейроэндокринный, рак является чрезвычайно редким заболеванием, распространенность которого составляет &lt;0,5 % всех опухолей мочевого пузыря. По-видимому, мелкоклеточный рак мочевого пузыря (МРМП) схож с мелкоклеточным раком легкого и состоит из популяции относительно однородных клеток со скудной цитоплазмой и гиперхроматическими ядрами, также обычно встречается обширный некроз. Гистогенез МРМП не определен, однако есть 2 теории развития раковой клетки: из редко встречающихся нейроэндокринных клеток и мультипотентных стволовых клеток мочевого пузыря. Прогноз для большинства пациентов неутешителен: в докладе I. Trias и соавт. медиана выживаемости больных составила менее 1 года, длительная выживаемость в течение 5лет и более была чрезвычайной редкостью. У более половины пациентов отмечалось метастатическое поражение регионарных лимфатических узлов, печени или костей во время постановки диагноза.</p><p>В отечественной литературе проблема МРМП остается малоизученной ввиду низкой встречаемости данного морфологического типа. Лечение проводится, в основном, эмпирически.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder</kwd><kwd>small-cell carcinoma of the bladder</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine cancer</kwd><kwd>neurourothelial carcinoma of the bladder</kwd><kwd>radical cystectomy</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>transurethral resection of the bladder</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочевой пузырь</kwd><kwd>мелкоклеточный рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринный рак</kwd><kwd>неуротелиальный рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>радикальная цистэктомия</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>трансуретральная резекция мочевого пузыря</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ferlay J. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0: Esti-mated cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2012. 2013. 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