Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press80710.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-2-88-99DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCERДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железыLoop-mediated isothermal amplification: an effective method for express-diagnostics of cancerИзотермическая петлевая амплификация: эффективный метод экспресс-диагностики в онкологииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4497-3421MakarovaYu. A.МакароваЮ. А.
Russian Federation

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031; 32 Vavilova St., Moscow 119991

249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4; 119991 Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7720-9919ZotikovA. A.ЗотиковА. А.
Russian Federation

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031

249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4

BelyakovaG. A.БеляковаГ. А.
Russian Federation

Build. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-4128AlekseevB. Ya.АлексеевБ. Я

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031

249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4

byalekseev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6668-5028ShkurnikovM. Yu.ШкурниковМ. Ю.
Russian Federation

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249031

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

mshkurnikov@gmail.comNational Medical Research Radiology Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииV.A. Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of SciencesФГБУН «Институт молекулярной биологии им. В.А. Энгельгардта Российской академии наук»Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Radiology Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России3006201814288991304201810052018https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/807

The review is devoted to loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) – a novel molecular diagnostic method that has recently become increasingly popular. Unlike polymerase chain reaction, LAMP does not require thermal cycling; DNA or RNA amplification occurs at a constant temperature (about 65 °C) with 4 or 6 primers. This is a fast, highly-sensitive, and highly specific method, which does not require expensive equipment, where visual detection of the reaction products is performed by the unaided eye. LAMP is successfully used for the diagnosis of multiple viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens (including those in food). Moreover, it can be applied for the detection of singlenucleotide polymorphisms. Recently, a modified LAMP assay – one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) – was validated for metastasis detection. OSNA was demonstrated to have almost the same sensitivity and specificity as standard diagnostic methods (sometimes even higher). Particular attention is paid to the mechanism of LAMP, primer design, and diagnostics of cancer using OSNA.

В обзоре обсуждается новый метод молекулярной биологии - изотермическая петлевая амплификация (LAMP), приобретающий в последнее время все большую популярность, особенно для целей диагностики. В отличие от ПЦР, амплификация ДНК или РНК происходит при постоянной температуре (около 650С) с использованием четырех или шести праймеров. Метод отличается высокой специфичностью, чувствительностью и быстротой. Для него не нужны дорогостоящие приборы, а детекция продуктов реакции может быть проведена невооруженным глазом. LAMP успешно применен для диагностики десятков вирусов, бактерий и других патогенов, в том числе в составе пищевых продуктов, а также для детекции однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов. Недавно была создана модификация LAMP, предназначенная для детекции метастазов. Она получила название OSNA (one-step nucleic acid amplification). Оказалось, что OSNA обладает практически такой же чувствительностью и специфичностью, как и стандартные диагностические методы, а иногда даже превосходит их. Особое внимание уделено механизму LAMP, дизайну праймеров и диагностике онкологических заболеваний с помощью OSNA.

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