Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press79010.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-1-157-165REVIEWОБЗОРBladder cancer: what’s new in 2017Рак мочевого пузыря: что нового в 2017 годуhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6112-2840KaryakinO. B.КарякинО. Б.
Russian Federation

4 Korolyova St., Obninsk 249031

Олег Борисович Карякин - заведующий отделением лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии рака предстательной железы, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ.

249031 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4

Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415KaprinA. D.КапринА. Д.
Russian Federation

3 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284

Андрей Дмитриевич Каприн - генеральный директор ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» МР, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заслуженный врач РФ.

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3

Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ruA.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of RussiaМедицинский радиологический научный центр им А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава РоссииNational Medical Research Center of Radiology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России300320181411571652202201824022018https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/790

Treatment of bladder cancer has been a complicated problem. Low survival for regional and metastatic disease remains. In recent years,  the efforts of doctors, biologists, diagnosticians were aimed at development of new technologies in these spheres and improvement of treatment results for this pathology. In this review, current views on diagnosis, the role of repeated surgical interventions in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, etc. are presented. Advances in molecular biology allowed to differentiate subtypes of urothelial bladder cancer. Importantly, the results of biomolecular studies allowed to identify different responses to drug treatment. Moreover, in some cases these results have a follow-up period of up to 3 years. Based on other data characterizing the tumor, the effectiveness of new drugs for treatment of regional, metastatic and post-cisplatin therapy bladder cancer was evaluated. These results allow to hope for increased life span and quality of life for patients with this severe disease.

Лечение рака мочевого пузыря остается трудноразрешимой проблемой. Сохраняется низкая выживаемость при местно-распространенном и метастатическом процессе заболевания. В последние годы усилия медиков, биологов, диагностов направлены на разработку новых технологий в этих сферах для улучшения результатов лечения данной патологии. В настоящем обзоре представлены современные взгляды на диагностику, роль повторных оперативных вмешательств при немышечно-инвазивном раке мочевого пузыря и т. д. Достижения в молекулярной биологии помогли выделить подтипы уротелиального рака мочевого пузыря. Очень важно, что результаты молекулярно-биологических исследований позволили выявить различный ответ на проводимое лечение лекарственными препаратами. Причем в ряде случаев эти результаты имеют срок наблюдения до 3 лет. На основании других данных, характеризующих опухоль, была изучена эффективность новых препаратов для лечения местно-распространенного, метастатического рака мочевого пузыря и после терапии цисплатином. Данные результаты позволяют надеяться на увеличение продолжительности жизни больных этим тяжелым заболеванием и улучшение ее качества.

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