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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">699</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2018-14-1-16-27</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак почки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Potential biomarkers for nivolumab therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Потенциальные биомаркеры эффективности терапии ниволумабом при метастатическом почечно-клеточном раке</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-5523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayapina</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саяпина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Сергеевна Саяпина - аспирант отделения клинической фармакологии и химиотерапии.</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><email>ms-sayapina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-2240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savyolov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савёлов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Istra Settlement, Krasnogorsk District, Moscow Region 143423</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Александрович Савёлов.</p><p>143423 Московская обл., Красногорский район, пос. Истра, 27</p></bio><email>niksavelov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2579-3468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Василевна Любимова.</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><email>maria.sayapina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-6713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Сергеевич Тимофеев.</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><email>maria.sayapina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8415-5197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>15 Marshala Timoshenko St., Moscow 121359</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Носов – профессор, доктор медицинских наук, руководитель онкологического отделения</p><p>121359 Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 15; +7499-141-43-55</p></bio><email>nosov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Oncological Hospital No. 62 of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ  Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Clinical Hospital of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Центральная клиническая больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-07-03"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2017-12-12"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/699">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/699</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (antibodies against PD-1) has become a standard of treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Objective: to identify reliable immunological markers predicting mRCC sensitivity to nivolumab therapy to increase its effectiveness and facilitate its more rational application.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The article presents an analysis of treatment of 23 patients with mRCC who received nivolumab under the expanded access program. Objective response rate in this group was 21.7 %. Median progression-free survival was 4 months (95 % confidence interval was 1.37–10.04). Median overall survival wasn’t reached for median follow-up duration of 10 months (3–14 months); grade III–IV complications were observed in 13 % of cases.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> During nivolumab therapy, factors positively affecting progrerssion-free survival were presence of clinical effect, favorable prognosis per the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center criteria, development of hypothyroidism, baseline serum levels of interleukin-17А and sPD-1 above the threshold values. Baseline increased serum concentration of TGF-β1 compared to the threshold level (20 ng/ml) was a negative prognostic factor for nivolumab immunotherapy. The number of previous therapy lines, PD-L1 and FOXP3 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes didn’t significantly affect progression-free survival. Effectiveness and toxicity profile of nivolumab in this series of observations conformed to the results of the phase III clinical trial. The drug was characterized by high tolerability.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The study results demonstrated lower toxicity and high tolerability of nivolumab compared to previously registered targeted drugs. Low rate of adverse events allows to study nivolumab in combined or subsequent/alternating modes of treatment with other immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Терапия ингибиторами контрольных точек иммунного ответа (антителами к PD-1) стала стандартом лечения больных метастатическим почечно-клеточным раком (мПКР), резистентных к тирозинкиназным ингибиторам.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – идентификация надежных иммунологических маркеров, предсказывающих чувствительность мПКР к иммунотерапии ниволумабом, что способствовало бы повышению ее эффективности и более рациональному использованию.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В статье представлен анализ результатов лечения 23 пациентов с мПКР, получавших ниволумаб в рамках программы расширенного доступа к препарату. Частота объективного ответа в данной группе составила 21,7 %. Медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования составила 4 мес (95 % доверительный интервал 1,37–10,04). Медиана общей выживаемости не достигнута при медиане времени наблюдения 10 мес (3–14 мес), осложнения III–IV степени были отмечены в 13 % случаев.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При проведении иммунотерапии ниволумабом факторами, благоприятно влияющими на выживаемость без прогрессирования заболевания, стали наличие клинического эффекта, благоприятный прогноз согласно критериям Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, развитие гипотиреоза, исходные уровни интерлейкина-17А и sPD-1 в сыворотке крови, превышающие пороговые значения. Отрицательным прогностическим фактором при проведении иммунотерапии ниволумабом стала исходно повышенная концентрация в сыворотке крови TGF-β1 по сравнению с пороговым уровнем (20 нг / мл). Число предшествующих линий терапии, экспрессия PD-L1 и FOXP3 на инфильтрирующих опухоль лимфоцитах не оказали достоверного влияния на выживаемость без прогрессирования. Эффективность и токсический профиль ниволумаба в данной серии наблюдений соответствовали результатам III фазы клинического исследования. Препарат отличался хорошей переносимостью.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты исследования показали более низкую токсичность и хорошую переносимость ниволумаба по сравнению с таргетными препаратами, зарегистрированными ранее. Невысокая частота побочных эффектов позволяет изучать ниволумаб в комбинированных или последовательных / альтернирующих режимах с другими ингибиторами иммунных контрольных точек и таргетными препаратами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nivolumab</kwd><kwd>metastatic renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>TGF-β1</kwd><kwd>IL-17A</kwd><kwd>sPD-1</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd><kwd>FOXP3</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ниволумаб</kwd><kwd>метастатический почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>TGF-β1</kwd><kwd>IL-17A</kwd><kwd>sPD-1</kwd><kwd>PD-L1</kwd><kwd>FOXP3</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motzer R.J., Escudier B., McDermott D.F. et al. Nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2015;373(19):1803–13. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1510665. 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