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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">639</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CONGRESSES AND CONFERENCES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЪЕЗДЫ И КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Report of a participant of the XI Congress of the Russian Аssociation of Оncological Urology. Bladder cancer: what’s new in 2016</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доклад участника XI Конгресса Российского общества онкоурологов. Рак мочевого пузыря: что нового в 2016 г.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karyakin</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карякин</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4 Korolyova St., Obninsk 249031</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Борисович Карякин, заведующий отделением лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии рака предстательной железы, д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ </p><p>249031, г.Обнинск Калужской обл., ул.Королева, д.4</p></bio><email>Karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский радиологический центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>152</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2017-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/639">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/639</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Bladder cancer (BC) remains one of the most common oncourological diseases. Five-year survival for patients with Т3–4N0M0 stage remains at the level of 33–52 %. Average life span for patients with metastases is 9–26 months. Changes in application of immediate adjuvant therapy for non-muscle invasive BC were made, as well as in selection of surgical treatment: open or laparoscopic cystectomy. Results of cystectomy depending on pathohistological tumor structure were studied. Lymph nodes were more frequently affected with urothelial cancer with squamous metaplasia. The role of the number of metastatic lymph nodes after radical cystectomy in determination of treatment strategy is still open for discussion. It was shown that even 1 metastatic lymph node reduces survival by 30 % and requires adjuvant chemotherapy. Blood transfusion during radical cystectomy negatively affects immune system functioning, increases frequency of infectious complications (sepsis, pneumonia, abscess). Metastasectomy performed in cases with positive response to chemotherapy can increase patients’ life span. Median survival was 35.4 months after lesion discovery and 34.3 months after metastasectomy. Efficiency and tolerability profiles for 2 chemotherapy regimens were studied: vinflunine + gemcitabine and vinflunine + carboplatin. Comparative analysis has shown that the regimes are equally effective, no significant differences were observed. New anti-tumor drugs for patients with metastatic BC are being actively researched. In 2016 the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) presented data on atezolizumab. The drug was injected intravenously at doses 1200 mg/m23 times a week. This regimen was effective both in a patient group receiving cisplatin and in a patient group untreated with this drug. In May of 2016 atezolizumab was registered by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for BC treatment on a priority basis. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак мочевого пузыря (РМП) остается одним из самых распространенных онкоурологических заболеваний. Пятилетняя выживаемость пациентов со стадиями Т3–Т4N0M0 сохраняется на уровне 33–52 %. Средняя продолжительность жизни больных с метастазами составляет 9–26 мес. Внесены изменения в рекомендации по применению немедленной адъювантной терапии немышечно-инвазивного РМП, а также в рекомендации по выбору хирургического лечения – открытой и лапароскопической цистэктомии. Изучены результаты цистэктомии в зависимости от патогистологического строения опухоли. Поражение лимфатических узлов чаще встречалось при уретелиальном раке с плоскоклеточной метаплазией. Дискутабельным является количество пораженных метастазами лимфатических узлов после радикальной цистэктомии для выбора последующей тактики лечения. Показано, что даже наличие 1 метастатического лимфатического узла снижает выживаемость на 30 % и требует проведения адъювантной химиотерапии. Переливание крови в период радикальной цистэктомии негативно сказывается на функциях иммунной системы, увеличивает частоту развития инфекционных осложнений (сепсиса, пневмонии, абсцесса). Метастазэктомия в случаях положительного ответа на химиотерапию может увеличить продолжительность жизни больных. Медиана выживаемости составила 35,4 мес от выявления очага и 34,3 мес после метастазэктомии. Изучены эффективность и профиль переносимости 2 режимов химиотерапии: винфлунин + гемцитабин и винфлунин + карбоплатин. Сравнительный анализ показал, что обе схемы одинаково активны, достоверных различий не получено. Интенсивно изучаются новые противоопухолевые препараты для лечения больных метастатическим РМП. В2016 г. Американское общество клинической онкологии (American Society of Clinical Oncology, ASCO) представило данные по атезолизумабу. Препарат вводили в дозе 1200 мг/м2 внутривенно 1 раз в 3 нед. Была показана эффективность как в группе пациентов, получавших ранее цисплатин, так и в группе больных, нелеченных этим препаратом. В мае2016 г. атезолизумаб был зарегистрирован Управлением по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов (Food and Drug Administration, FDA) для лечения РМП в приоритетном порядке. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>depth of invasion</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>radical cystectomy</kwd><kwd>complication</kwd><kwd>atezolizumab</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>глубина инвазии</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>радикальная цистэктомия</kwd><kwd>осложнение</kwd><kwd>атезолизумаб</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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