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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">586</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2016-12-3-68-73</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Surgical treatment of the stricture of the lower third of ureter after radiation therapy of pelvic organs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оперативное лечение стриктур нижней трети мочеточника после лучевой терапии органов малого таза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><email>gkovchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Keshishev</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кешишев</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий инновационным отделом с группой организации клинических исследований НИИ урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиал ФГБУ «НМИРЦ» Минздрава России</p><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><email>gkovchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachmazov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качмазов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><email>gkovchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorieva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurbanov</surname><given-names>Sh. Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурбанов</surname><given-names>Ш. Ш.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovchenko</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковченко</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><email>gkovchenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryannyi</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрянный</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>B. Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Б. Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>51 3rd Parkovaya St., Moscow, 105425</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425, Москва, ул. 3-я Парковая, 51</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology named after O.N. Lopatkin – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology, Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина – филиал ФГБУ НМИРЦ Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-07-06"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-08-17"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/586">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/586</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Postradiation obstructive changes of distal parts of the ureter most commonly occur after radiation therapy for cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, bladder cancer. Pathogenesis of postradiation lesions of the ureteral wall are explained by destructive effects of radiation on the basal membranes of the capillary cell, causing an occlusion, thrombosis, and neovascularization, which in turn leads to proliferation of fibroblasts and stromal fibrosis. Possible complications include hematuria, urinary tract infections, vesicoureteral reflux, stent migration, stent encrustation. By the way, presence of the stent is often associated with pain and discomfort in patients. Aim of this work is to improve the results of treatment of strictures of the lower ureter following radiotherapy, by evaluating effectiveness of extravesical uretherocystoanastomosis and Boari procedure. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Расширение показаний к проведению лучевой терапии при онкологических заболеваниях органов малого таза и использование больших доз радиационного излучения с целью достижения наибольшего эффекта нередко приводят к обструктивным осложнениям дистальных отделов мочеточников. Выраженные трофические изменения, обуславливающие большой процент неудовлетворительных результатов реконструктивных операций, делают актуальным проблему выбора оптимального метода лечения постлучевых стриктур мочеточников.</p><p><bold>Целью </bold>настоящей работы явилось улучшение результатов лечения постлучевых стриктур нижней трети мочеточника посредством оценки эффективности экстравезикального уретероцистоанастомоза и операции Боари.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Материалом для данной работы послужили результаты лечения 192 пациенток со стриктурами и облитерациями нижней трети мочеточника за период с 2007 по 2015 гг. Все пациенты были разделены на 3 группы: I группа (n=49) - пациенты с протяженностью дефекта мочеточника менее 4 см, которым был выполнен экстравезикальный уретероцистоанастомоз (операция Барри); II (n=45) и III (n=98) группы составили пациенты с протяженностью дефекта мочеточника 4-15 см, которым была выполнена операция Боари, с использованием антирефлюксной техники и без антирефлюксной защиты, соответственно. Медиана периода наблюдения составила 38,2 мес. (12-96 мес.). Оценивали функцию почек (по данным изотопной ренографии), число эпизодов обострения хронического пиелонефрита в течение года, количество рецидивов стриктур или облитераций мочеточников, количество случаев возникновения клинически-значимого ПМР.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Полное восстановление проходимости мочеточника было зафиксировано у 47 (96%), 43 (95,5%) и 98 (100%) в I, II и III группах, соответственно. Всем пациентам с неудовлетворительным результатом в последующем были выполнены повторные операции с положительным эффектом. Медианы дефицита функции почки до и после операции в I, II и III группах составили 34% (22,00:58,5) и 32% (15,75:39,00), 44% (28,00:61,75) и 38% (16,00:42,00), 46% (31,00:65,00) и 45% (32,00:61,00), соответственно. Преимущественным осложнением в послеоперационном периоде являлось обострение хронического пиелонефрита, наблюдавшееся в 14,6% случаев, и в большинстве случаев носящие однократный характер и купировавшиеся консервативно. У 5 пациенток после проведенного лечения отмечено возникновение клинически-значимого ПМР, сопровождающегося частыми обострениями хронического пиелонефрита (1-2 раза в год) и увеличением дефицита функции почки на 10% от исходных данных.</p><p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Полученные результаты позволили нам заключить, что экстравезикальный уретероцистоанастомоз является оптимальным методом лечения постлучевых стриктур и облитераций мочеточника при протяженности дефекта до 4 см. При более протяженных дефектах целесообразно применение операции Боари. Антирефлюксная техника при выполнении данной операции не оказывает существенного влияния на результат лечения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stricture of the lower third of the ureter</kwd><kwd>post radial obstructive changes</kwd><kwd>extravesical uretero-cysto-anastomosis</kwd><kwd>Boari procedure</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постлучевые стриктуры мочеточника</kwd><kwd>облитерации мочеточника</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>реконструктивные операции</kwd><kwd>уретероцистанастомоз</kwd><kwd>операция Боари</kwd><kwd>антирефлюксная техника</kwd><kwd>изотопная ренография</kwd><kwd>пузырно-мочеточниковый рефлюкс</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1.	Урологические осложнения лучевой терапии злокачественных новообразований органов таза. 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