Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press57910.17650/1726-9776-2016-12-2-80-83PROSTATE CANCERРАК ПРЕДСТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫGene BRCA1/2 mutation in prostate cancer patients: clinical administration aspectsМутации генов BRCA1/2 при раке предстательной железы. Имеются ли перспективы для их клинического применения?KoposovP. V.КопосовП. В.
Russian Federation
pkoposov@emcmos.ruEuropean Medical CenterЕвропейский медицинский центр35 Shchepkina St., Moscow, 129090, RussiaРоссия, 129090, Москва, ул. Щепкина, 353006201612280832406201624062016https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/579

The cases of the uncommon malignant disease state can take place in patients with the prostate cancer. This disease may appear at a young age and the level of the PSA may be normal (to 4 ng / ml), and also the negative clinical prognosis, due to the resistance to standard medical treatment, can take place. In the literature review there is a data on patients’ carrier status of gene BRCA1 / 2 mutation. There are 2 % of such patients and the program of the target screening of the prostate cancer and the special treatment regimen for them should be developed. According to the mechanism of action of the platinum-based drugs and the data from the studies on treatment of the BRCA1 / 2-dependent ovarian cancer in women, where the high sensitivity to the platinum-based drugs in patients with the mutations of the reparation genes of the deoxyribonucleic acid by the homologous recombination was validated, we supposed, that the defects of the deoxyribonucleic acid reparation in patients with the metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer also might be highly sensitive to the platinum-based drugs.

У пациентов, страдающих раком предстательной железы, выявляют случаи необычного злокачественного течения заболевания. Возникнув в молодом возрасте, это заболевание может сочетаться с нормальными (до 4 нг / мл) значениями простатического специфического антигена, а также иметь плохой клинический прогноз, характеризующийся резистентностью к проводимому стандартному лечению. В обзоре литературы приведены данные по выделению из общей популяции тех пациентов, которые имеют носительство мутаций генов BRCA1 / 2. Доля таких больных составляет 2 %, для них необходимы проведение программ прицельного скрининга рака предстательной железы и разработка специальных схем лечения. Рассматривая механизм действия препаратов платины и данные, полученные из исследований по лечению BRCA1 / 2-зависимого рака яичников у женщин, согласно которым наблюдается высокая чувствительность к препаратам платины у пациенток с мутациями генов репарации дезоксирибонуклеиновой кислоты путем гомологичной рекомбинации, можно предположить, что дефекты репарации дезоксирибонуклеиновой кислоты при метастатическом кастрационно-резистентном раке предстательной железы также могут быть высокочувствительны к препаратам платины.

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