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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">538</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2016-12-3-58-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effectiveness of transurethral resection under the control of photodynamic diagnosis and intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette–Guérin in case of poorly differentiated non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность трансуретральной резекции под контролем фотодинамической диагностики и внутрипузырных инстилляций бациллы Кальметта-Герена при низкодифференцированном раке мочевого пузыря без мышечной инвазии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rolevich</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ролевич</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesnoy Village, Minsk Region, 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040, Минский район, агрогородок Лесной</p></bio><email>alexander.rolevich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Institution N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-09-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-12-27"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-05-05"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/538">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/538</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> High-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by a high rate of recurrence, progression, and mortality associated with this disease. Organ-preserving treatment by transurethral resection and immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an initial approach to therapy in these patients. However, the efficacy of such therapy is limited. This justifies the use of other methods of treatment, such as TUR under the control of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in patients with high-grade NMIBC.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We have retrospectively analyzed results of follow-up of patients with primary or recurrent high-grade transitional cell NMIBC, treatment by TUR in conjunction with BCG or without it N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre in the period from 2004 to 2013. In total, the study included 113 patients (27 women and 86 men), in the median age of 72 years. We have evaluated 5-year recurrence- and progression-free survival, analyzed an influence of prognostic factors and methods of treatment on the risk of recurrence and progression with Cox model and Kaplan–Meier method.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> With a median of follow up of 59 (12–116) months the rates of 5-year recurrence- and progression-free survival were respectively 42.5 and 71.6 %. Statistically significant association with the risk of recurrence was observed in multivariate Cox regression analysis for recurrent tumors (hazard ratio (HR) 2.73; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.61–4.62) and immunotherapy with BCG (HR 0.56; 95 % CI 0.31–0.99). BCG significantly increased recurrence-free survival in patients with both primary tumors, and with recurrent ones. Significant factors in the multivariate analysis with regard to the risk of progression were suspicion for muscle-invasive tumors according to the cystoscopic picture (HR 3.36; 95 % CI 1.09–10.4), abnormal tumor-free bladder mucosa, suspicious for carcinoma in situ (HR 7.23; 95 % CI 2.64–19.8), localization of tumor in the bladder neck, orifice zone, prostatic urethra (HR 2.91; 95 % CI 1.17–7.25) and PDD-assisted TUR (HR 0.10; 95 % CI 0.01–0.78). TUR under the control of photodynamic diagnosis significantly increased the survival to progression, regardless of the risk of progression, while BCG did not significantly affect the progression-free survival.</p><p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> 6-week course of BCG therapy in patients with high-grade NMIBC significantly reduces the risk of recurrence and has no effect on the risk of tumor progression. PDD-assisted TUR provides a significant reduction in the risk of progression, but not recurrence. The findings justify the inclusion of both modalities in the treatment of high-grade NMIBC. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Низкодифференцированный рак мочевого пузыря без мышечной инвазии (РМПБМИ) характеризуется высокой частотой рецидивирования, прогрессирования и смертности, связанной с данным заболеванием. Начальной тактикой лечения большинства таких пациентов является органосохраняющее лечение с использованием трансуретральной резекции (ТУР) и иммунотерапии бациллой Кальметта-Герена (БЦЖ), однако возможности такой терапии ограничены, что обосновывает использование дополнительных методов, например фотодинамической диагностики (ФДД). Целью данного исследования стала оценка эффективности лечебных воздействий у пациентов, страдающих низкодифференцированным РМПБМИ.</p><p>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ: Ретроспективно проанализированы результаты наблюдения за пациентами с первичным или рецидивным переходно-клеточным низкодифференцированным РМПБМИ, леченным с использованием ТУР ± БЦЖ в РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова с 2005 по 2013 гг. Всего в исследование включено 113 пациентов (27 женщин и 86 мужчин), медиана возраста 72 года. Рассчитаны 5-летние безрецидивная выживаемость и выживаемость до прогрессирования данной группы пациентов, анализировано влияние факторов прогноза и методов лечения на риск рецидива и прогрессирования с использованием модели Кокса и метода Каплана-Мейера.</p><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: При медиане наблюдения 59 мес. (12-116 мес.) показатели 5-летней безрецидивной выживаемости и выживаемости до прогрессирования составили соответственно 42,5% и 71,6%.</p><p>В мультивариантном регрессионном анализе Кокса статистически значимая связь с риском рецидива отмечалась для рецидивных опухолей (отношение рисков (ОР) 2,73; 95% ДИ 1,61-4,62) и проведения иммунотерапии БЦЖ (ОР 0,56; 95% ДИ 0,31-0,99). БЦЖ существенно увеличивало безрецидивную выживаемость как у пациентов с первичными опухолями, так и с рецидивными. В отношении риска прогрессирования значимыми факторами в мультивариантном анализе оказались подозрение на мышечно-инвазивную опухоль по данным цистоскопической картины (ОР 3,36; 95% ДИ 1,09-10,4), измененная свободная от опухоли слизистая мочевого пузыря, подозрительная на CIS (ОР 7,23; 95% ДИ 2,64-19,8), локализация опухоли в шейке, зоне устьев, простатической уретре (ОР 2,91; 95% ДИ 1,17-7,25) и проведение ТУР под контролем ФДД (ОР 0,10; 95% ДИ 0,01-0,78). Проведение ФДД статистически значимо повышало выживаемость до прогрессирования вне зависимости от риска прогрессирования, тогда как БЦЖ существенно не влияла на выживаемость до прогрессирования.</p><p>ВЫВОДЫ: У пациентов, страдающих низкодифференцированным РМПБМИ, проведение 6-недельного курса БЦЖ существенно снижает риск рецидива и не влияет на риск прогрессирования опухоли. Проведение ТУР под контролем ФДД обеспечивает значимое снижение риска прогрессирования, но не рецидива. Результаты исследования обосновывают включение обеих воздействий в алгоритм органосохраняющего лечения низкодифференцированного РМПБМИ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>poorly differentiated</kwd><kwd>bladder-sparing therapy</kwd><kwd>bacillus Calmette-Guerin</kwd><kwd>photodynamic diagnostics</kwd><kwd>recurrence-free survival</kwd><kwd>progression-free survival</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря без мышечной инвазии, низкодифференцированный</kwd><kwd>органосохраняющее лечение</kwd><kwd>БЦЖ</kwd><kwd>фотодинамическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>безрецидивная выживаемость</kwd><kwd>выживаемость до прогрессирования</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Falke J, Witjes JA. Contemporary management of low-risk bladder cancer. 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