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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">500</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2016-12-1-58-62</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The results of prostate cancer screening and the problem of the hyperdiagnosis of the disease in the Republic of Belarus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты скрининга рака предстательной железы и проблема гипердиагностики заболевания в Республике Беларусь</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnyi</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красный</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesnoy Settlement, Minsk District 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент НАН Республики Беларусь, зам.директора по научной работе,</p><p>223040, Минский р-н, пос. Лесной</p></bio><email>sergeykrasny@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarend</surname><given-names>D. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарендь</surname><given-names>Д. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesnoy Settlement, Minsk District 223041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий урологическим отделением №1,</p><p>223041, Минский р-н, пос. Лесной</p></bio><email>tarendd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семёнов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesnoy Settlement, Minsk District 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-уролог отделения онкоурологической патологии,</p><p>223040, Минский р-н, пос. Лесной</p></bio><email>SemenovSv3@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Aleksandrov Republican Research and Practical Center for Oncology and Medical Radiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">РНПЦ онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Minsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">УЗ «Минская областная клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-03-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-10-25"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2016-02-11"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/500">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/500</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The prostate cancer (PC) screening program elaborated in the Republic of Belarus, which envisages the determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels once every two years among 50–65-year-old men and 6-point lateralized transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy at a PSA level of &gt; 4.0 ng / ml, could rule out the probability of diagnosing clinically insignificant PC. Out of 20,786 male examinees, 249 (1.2 %) patients were found to have PC. Of them, 190 patients underwent D»Amico cancer risk stratification. A low-risk group included 11 (5.6 %) patients, for whom follow-up tactics might be selected; the other patients should receive appropriate treatment. Therefore, the problem of hyperdiagnosis is not relevant during the first PC screening round in Belarus and cannot constrain the further introduction of the screening program.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Разработанная программа скрининга рака предстательной железы (РПЖ) в Республике Беларусь, предусматривающая определение уровня простатспецифического антигена (ПСА) 1 раз в 2 года среди мужчин в возрасте 50–65 лет и выполнение 6-точечной латерализованной биопсии предстательной железы под трансректальным ультразвуковым контролем при уровне ПСА &gt; 4,0 нг / мл, позволила исключить вероятность диагностики клинически незначимого РПЖ. Из обследованных 20 786 мужчин РПЖ выявлен у 249 (1,2 %). Из них у 190 проведена стратификация онкологического риска по D’Amico. К группе низкого риска отнесено 11 (5,6 %) пациентов, в отношении которых может быть избрана тактика наблюдения, остальным пациентам должно быть проведено соответствующее лечение. Таким образом, первый раунд скрининга РПЖ в Беларуси показал, что проблема гипердиагностики не является актуальной и не может ограничивать дальнейшее внедрение скрининговой программы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>prostate-specific antigen</kwd><kwd>hyperdiagnosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>простатспецифический антиген</kwd><kwd>гипердиагностика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. 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