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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">473</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2015-11-4-42-50</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Significance of muscularis mucosae on the risk of recurrence and progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль собственной мышечной пластинки слизистой оболочки в прогнозе рецидивирования и прогрессирования при поверхностном раке мочевого пузыря</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanin</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянин</surname><given-names>M. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Mikhail_ulyanin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Basiashvili</surname><given-names>G. Т.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басиашвили</surname><given-names>Г. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanov</surname><given-names>R. Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанов</surname><given-names>Р. Ш.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gataullin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатауллин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Burmistrov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурмистров</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khayrullina</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайруллина</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер МЗ РТ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">29 Sibirskiy Tract St., Kazan, 420029, Russia&#13;
Volga Region branch of RCRC named after N.N. Blokhin Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29&#13;
Поволжский филиал ФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">29 Sibirskiy Tract St., Kazan, 420029, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">29 Sibirskiy Tract St., Kazan, 420029, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер МЗ РТ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">29 Sibirskiy Tract St., Kazan, 420029, Russia&#13;
Volga Region branch of RCRC named after N.N. Blokhin Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29&#13;
Поволжский филиал ФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер МЗ РТ»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">29 Sibirskiy Tract St., Kazan, 420029, Russia&#13;
Volga Region branch of RCRC named after N.N. Blokhin Russian Ministry of Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff11"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff12"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ «Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансер МЗ РТ»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="en">49 Butlerov St., Kazan, 420012, Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff13"><institution>Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29&#13;
Поволжский филиал ФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff id="aff14"><institution>Россия, 420029, Казань, ул. Сибирский тракт, 29</institution></aff><aff id="aff15"><institution></institution></aff><aff id="aff16"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff id="aff17"><institution>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова 49</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-07-29"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-08-17"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/473">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/473</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Due to the currently accepted operative technique of the transurethral resection (TUR) of bladder, during the surgery we obtain a histological material that is multiple pieces of the tissueof exophytic area of tumor, the bladder base and the bladder wall, in which a specialist histologist can be guided only with careful labeling, and the correct pathologic diagnosis is possible only in case of the presence of all layers of the bladder wall in the preparation. The performanceof TUR of bladderen blochas allowed visualizing an additional morphological feature in the preparation – its own muscularis mucosa.</p><p><bold>Objective.</bold> The evaluation of effectiveness of the transurethral surgical treatment of thepatients with superficial bladder cancer by comparing the immediate and long-term results of the standard TUR and the TUR of bladder wall tumor en bloc. The assessment of the role of the tumor invasion of propermuscularis mucosa in the prediction of recurrence and progression of superficial bladder cancer.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> We analyzed the results of the examination and treatment of 270 patients with newly diagnosed «bladder cancer» who were treated between 2003 and 2012. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group (n = 94) who underwent the transurethral resection of the wall bladder tumor en bloc, and the compared group (n = 176) who underwent the standard transurethral resection. As a result wehave evaluated the role of the tumor invasion of propermuscularis mucosa in the prediction of recurrence and progression of superficial bladder cancer.</p><p><bold>Results and conclusions.</bold> The technique of the operation affects the recurrence rate by reducing it from 47.7 % in cases of the standard TUR to 34 % in cases of the TUR en bloc (p &lt; 0.05), and also affects imperceptibly the terms before the recurrence (p &gt; 0.05). The application of the TUR en bloc reduces the frequency of progressionby 4 times (p &lt; 0.001) and increases the termsbeforethe progression by almost 2 times (p &lt; 0.05). It allows to reduce the recurrences in the area of the resection to a minimum and to increase the periods before the occurrence of relapse. The presence of the damage ofproper muscularis mucosa (the in-growth or invasion, the categories T1b and T1c) increases the frequency of relapses for more than 2 times, and the way out of the tumor outside the layer of proper muscularis mucosareduces the term of relapse by 2.5 times, the progression rate increases from 2 % to 22.7 % and 18.5 %, and the average time before progression reduces from 41.5 to 26.0 and 17.1 with increase of the depth of tumor invasion with categories T1a, T1b and T1c respectively.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В связи с принятой в настоящее время оперативной техникой трансуретральной резекции (ТУР) мочевого пузыря (МП) гистологический материал, получаемый во время операции, представляет собой множественные кусочки ткани экзофитной части опухоли, основания и стенки МП, ориентироваться в которых специалисту-гистологу возможно только при тщательной маркировке, а правильный патологоанатомический диагноз возможен только при наличии в препарате всех слоев стенки МП. Выполнение ТУР МП единым блоком позволило визуализировать в препарате дополнительный морфологический признак – собственную мышечную пластинку слизистой оболочки (СМПС).</p><p><bold>Цель исследования –</bold> оценка эффективности трансуретрального хирургического лечения больных поверхностным раком мочевого пузыря (РМП) путем сравнения непосредственных и отдаленных результатов стандартной ТУР и ТУР стенки МП с опухолью единым блоком и оценка роли опухолевой инвазии СМПС в прогнозе рецидивирования и прогрессирования при поверхностном РМП.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Были оценены результаты обследования и лечения 270 пациентов с впервые установленным диагнозом РМП, проходившие лечение в период с 2003 по 2012 г. Все пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: основная группа (n = 94), кото- рым проведена ТУР стенки МП с опухолью единым блоком, и группа сравнения (n = 176), которым проведена стандартная ТУР. Была оценена роль опухолевой инвазии СМПС в прогнозе рецидивирования и прогрессирования при поверхностном РМП.</p><p><bold>Результаты и выводы.</bold> Методика операции влияет на частоту рецидивов, снижая с 47,7 % при стандартной ТУР до 34 % при ТУР единым блоком (p &lt; 0,05), и незначительно на сроки до появления рецидивов (p &gt; 0,05). Применение ТУР единым блоком снижает частоту прогрессирования в 4 раза (p &lt; 0,001) и увеличивает сроки до прогрессирования почти в 2 раза (p &lt; 0,05), позволяет свести рецидивы в зоне резекции до минимальных значений и увеличить время до возникновения рецидива. Наличие поражения СМПС (врастание или про- растание, категории T1b и T1c) более чем в 2 раза увеличивает частоту рецидивов, а выход опухоли за пределы слоя СМПС в 2,5 раза сокращает время рецидива, увеличивается частота прогрессирования с 2 до 22,7 и 18,5 % и уменьшается среднее время до прогрессирования с 41,5 до 26,0 и 17,1 мес по мере увеличения глубины прорастания опухоли с категориями T1a, T1b и T1c соответственно.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>superficial bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>transurethral resection of bladder</kwd><kwd>transurethral resection of bladder en block</kwd><kwd>recurrence of bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>complications after transurethral resection</kwd><kwd>proper muscularis mucosa</kwd><kwd>T1a</kwd><kwd>T1b</kwd><kwd>T1c</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>поверхностный рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>трансуретральная резекция мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>трансуретральная резекция мочевого пузыря единым блоком</kwd><kwd>рецидив рака мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>осложнения после трансуретральной резекции</kwd><kwd>собственная мышечная пластинка слизистой оболочки</kwd><kwd>стадии T1a</kwd><kwd>T1b</kwd><kwd>T1c</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2012.Under the editorship of Kaprin А.D., Starinskiy V.V., Moscow, 2013 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2012 году. 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