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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1990</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2026-22-2-26-36</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Immunological markers as predictors of locally advanced disease and biochemical recurrence in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммунологические маркеры как предикторы местно-распространенного характера и биохимического рецидива у пациентов с раком предстательной железы промежуточного риска после радикальной простатэктомии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3460-3427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>av-arnautov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-0067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arnautov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арнаутов</surname><given-names>Александр Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>av-arnautov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9123-2113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arnautova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арнаутова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>av-arnautov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5183-5153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>av-arnautov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-11-17"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-24"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1990">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1990</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Systemic inflammation is considered as a significant factor in the pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer. Despite the leading role of standard clinical and laboratory parameters in assessing the aggressiveness of the disease, literature data demonstrate potential prognostic value of immunological markers, however, their significance in intermediate risk group remains insufficiently studied.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To evaluate the association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR) ratios and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) with oncological outcomes in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>A retrospective analysis of the treatment results of 167 patients with morphologically confirmed intermediate risk prostate cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in 2019–2023 was performed. The association of preoperative immunological markers with pathomorphological characteristics, stage of the disease after surgery, frequency of biochemical recurrence (BCR) and recurrence-free survival was evaluated. Mann–Whitney tests, Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup>, ROC analysis, Kaplan–Mayer analysis, and Cox regression were used to identify associations and assess the predictive significance of markers.</p> <p><bold>Results. </bold>With a median follow-up of 32.7 months, the incidence of BCR was 10.8 % of cases. Neither NLR nor LMR demonstrated a statistically significant association with aggressive pathomorphological features or BCR. However, patients with a locally advanced process had lower SII values (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0437). Patients with BCR also had lower median SII (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0108) and PLR (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0346). Using ROC analysis, threshold levels were determined: PLR &lt;98.2 and SII &lt;360.6. Patients with SII &lt;360.6 had a higher risk of BCR, confirmed by multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 5.7; <italic>p</italic> = 0.0342). At the same time, the PLR did not demonstrate a prognostic value in relation to BCR.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>NLR and LMR have no prognostic value in relation to aggressive forms of the disease and BCR in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. SII and PLR demonstrate an association with a locally advanced disease and the likelihood of BCR, with SII remaining an independent predictor. Nevertheless, the variability of threshold values according to literature data and the presence of cofactors limit their clinical use, which underlines the need for further prospective studies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Системное воспаление рассматривается как значимый фактор в патогенезе и прогрессировании рака предстательной железы. Несмотря на ведущую роль стандартных клинико-лабораторных показателей в оценке агрессивности заболевания, данные литературы демонстрируют потенциальную прогностическую ценность иммунологических маркеров, однако их значимость в группе промежуточного риска остается недостаточно изученной.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценить ассоциацию нейтрофильно-лимфоцитарного (НЛС), тромбоцитарно-лимфоцитарного (ТЛС), лимфоцитарно-моноцитарного (ЛМС) соотношений и индекса системного иммунного воспаления (ИСИВ) с онкологическими результатами у пациентов с раком предстательной железы промежуточного риска после радикальной простатэктомии.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов лечения 167 пациентов с морфологически подтвержденной аденокарциномой предстательной железы промежуточного риска, перенесших лапароскопическую радикальную простатэктомию в 2019–2023 гг. Проведена оценка связи предоперационных иммунологических маркеров с патоморфологическими характеристиками, стадией заболевания после операции, частотой биохимического рецидива (БХР) и безрецидивной выживаемостью. Для выявления ассоциаций и оценки предиктивной значимости маркеров применяли тесты Манна–Уитни, χ<sup>2</sup>-критерий Пирсона, ROC-анализ, анализ Каплана–Майера и регрессию Кокса.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>При медиане наблюдения 32,7 мес частота БХР составила 10,8 %. Ни НЛС, ни ЛМС не продемонстрировали статистически значимой связи с агрессивными патоморфологическими признаками или БХР. Однако у пациентов с местно-распространенным процессом отмечались более низкие значения ИСИВ (<italic>p</italic> = 0,0437). Больные с БХР также имели меньшую медиану ИСИВ (<italic>p</italic> = 0,0108) и ТЛС (<italic>p</italic> = 0,0346). С помощью ROC-анализа определены пороговые уровни: ТЛС &lt;98,2 и ИСИВ &lt;360,6. Пациенты с ИСИВ &lt;360,6 имели более высокий риск БХР, подтвержденный в ходе мультивариабельного анализа (отношение рисков 5,7; <italic>p</italic> = 0,0342). При этом ТЛС прогностическую ценность в отношении БХР не продемонстрировало.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>НЛС и ЛМС не обладают прогностической ценностью в отношении агрессивных форм заболевания и БХР у больных раком предстательной железы промежуточного риска. ИСИВ и ТЛС демонстрируют ассоциацию с местно-распространенным процессом и вероятностью БХР, причем ИСИВ остается независимым предиктором. Тем не менее вариабельность пороговых значений, по данным литературы, и наличие кофакторов ограничивают их клиническое применение, что подчеркивает необходимость дальнейших проспективных исследований.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>intermediate risk group</kwd><kwd>neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio</kwd><kwd>immunological marker</kwd><kwd>systemic immune inflammation index</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>группа промежуточного риска</kwd><kwd>нейтрофильно-лимфоцитарное соотношение</kwd><kwd>иммунологический маркер</kwd><kwd>индекс системного иммунного воспаления</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Sidaway P. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts prostate cancer prognosis. Nat Rev Urol 2015;12(5):238. 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