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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1915</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2026-22-1-21-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Application of artificial intelligence in patients with MRI-invisible prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение искусственного интеллекта у пациентов с МРТ-невидимым раком предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-368X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aboyan</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абоян</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6468-5983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakus</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пакус</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9589-5458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>Andrey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>Андрей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Redkin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Редькин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1944-8380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Badyan</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бадьян</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiranov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширанов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakus</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пакус</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Diagnostics Center “Health” in Rostov-on-Don</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ РО «Клинико-диагностический центр «Здоровье» в г. Ростове-на-Дону</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Oncology Dispensary, Rostov-on-Don</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ РО «Онкодиспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-08"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1915">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1915</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Given the prevalence of prostate cancer (PCa) worldwide, the growing role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of PCa, and the fact that a fairly high percentage of clinically significant tumors remain undiagnosed, there is a need for a tool capable of increasing the diagnostic accuracy of MRI.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> We attempted to create an artificial intelligence (AI) model and evaluate it in the diagnosis of malignant tumors based on MRI in patients with so-called MRI-invisible PCa.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study was conducted at the Clinical and Diagnostics Center “Health” in Rostov-on-Don. A total of 151 patients with localized PCa were included, who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2022 and 2023. The patients selected for the study underwent MRI on a Phillips Ingenia 3.0T machine according to the multiparametric MRI protocol of the prostate gland by two experienced radiologists, in accordance with the requirements of PI-RADS v.2.1. A standard histological examination was performed by a morphologist according to the diagnostic protocol. The obtained data were used to train a convolutional neural network based on the U-Net architecture.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Using AI, the diagnosis of PCa was correctly determined in 78.1 % of cases (<italic>n</italic> = 118), including 94 men with focal lesions on multiparametric MRI and 24 patients with no changes in the prostate gland. When assessing the correctness of the diagnosis depending on the nature of the lesion, it was found that with focal accumulation of PCa, it was verified in 74.6 % of cases (<italic>n</italic> = 94) and not verified in 25.4 % (<italic>n</italic> = 32); with no changes it was verified in 96.0 % (<italic>n</italic> = 24) of cases and not verified in 4.0 % (<italic>n</italic> = 1) cases (<italic>p</italic> = 0.016).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> We have developed and evaluated an AI model based on supervised machine learning. This model allows not only to speed up the diagnosis, but also to increase the chances of a correct diagnosis in patients with MRI-invisible PCa 8.17-fold (95 % confidence interval 1.06–62.85).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Учитывая распространенность рака предстательной железы (РПЖ) в мире, растущую роль магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) в диагностике РПЖ, а также принимая во внимание тот факт, что довольно высокий процент клинически значимых опухолей остается не диагностированным, создается потребность в инструменте, способном обеспечить повышение диагностической точности МРТ.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – попытка создания модели искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), а также ее оценка в диагностике злокачественных образований на основании данных МРТ у пациентов с так называемым МРТ-невидимым РПЖ.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследование проведено на базе Клинико-диагностического центра «Здоровье» (г. Ростов-на-Дону). Всего в исследование включен 151 пациент с локализованным РПЖ, которым выполнена робот-ассистированная радикальная простатэктомия в период с 2022 по 2023 г. Отобранным для исследования больным проводилась МРТ на аппарате Phillips Ingenia 3.0T по протоколу мультипараметрической МРТ предстательной железы двумя опытными рентгенологами в соответствии с требованиями PI-RADS v.2.1. Морфологом выполнялось стандартное гистологическое исследование согласно диагностическому протоколу. Полученные данные использовали для обучения сверточной нейронной сети, основанной на архитектуре U-Net.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При использовании ИИ диагноз РПЖ корректно определялся в 78,1 % (<italic>n</italic> = 118) случаев, включая 94 случая с очаговым поражением на мультипараметрической МРТ и 24 с отсутствием изменений в предстательной железе. При оценке корректности установления диагноза в зависимости от характера поражения установлено, что при очаговом накоплении РПЖ верифицирован в 74,6 % (<italic>n</italic> = 94) случаев, не верифицирован в 25,4 % (<italic>n</italic> = 32), при отсутствии изменений – в 96,0 % (<italic>n</italic> = 24) и 4,0 % (<italic>n</italic> = 1) случаев соответственно (<italic>р</italic> = 0,016).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Разработана и оценена модель ИИ на основании контролируемого машинного обучения. Данная модель позволяет не только ускорить постановку, но и повысить шансы корректного установления диагноза у пациентов с МРТ-невидимым РПЖ в 8,17 раза (95 % доверительный интервал 1,06–62,85).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>diagnosing prostate cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>мультипараметрическая магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>диагностика рака предстательной железы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H. et al. 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