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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1909</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2026-22-1-38-45</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак почки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Results of systemic therapy and evaluation of prognostic factors in patients with late progression of renal cell carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Результаты системной терапии и оценка прогностических факторов больных с поздним прогрессированием почечно-клеточного рака</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sema.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-5517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sema.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8460-4463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokorad</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкорад</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sema.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostritskiy</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кострицкий</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sema.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Saint Petersburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПбГУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow City Oncological Hospital No. 62, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московская городская онкологическая больница № 62» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-18"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1909">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1909</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Late progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after radical nephrectomy is not uncommon, but data on systemic therapy response are limited.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To analyze survival rates and responses to systemic therapy, and to identify prognostic factors in RCC patients with late progression after radical nephrectomy.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> A retrospective analysis of data of 161 patients treated at the Municipal Oncologic Hospital No. 62 in Moscow and the Municipal Oncologic Dispensary in Saint Petersburg between 2006 and 2022 was performed. Mean patient age was 63.3 years (40–77 years), 68.1 % were men, all patients had previously undergone radical nephrectomy. 77 % of patients had a favorable prognosis and 18 % had an intermediate prognosis according to IMDC (International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium). We analyzed clinical and morphological data of patients who received systemic therapy for RCC diagnosed more than 5 years after radical nephrectomy. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0 software packages (StatSoft, USA) by constructing Kaplan–Meier curves and survival tables, building a mathematical model of survival.</p> <p><bold>Results and conclusion. </bold>Median overall survival (OS) in the overall patient cohort was 52.3 months (confidence interval (CI) 43.8–62.9), and 3-year and 5-year OS were 64 % (95 % CI 57–72) and 43 % (95 % CI 36–52). All patients received first-line targeted therapy: tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy was administered to 159 (98.7 %) and mTOR inhibitor therapy to 2 (1.3 %) patients, respectively. Median duration of first-line therapy was 34.1 months; 124 (77 %) patients received second-line therapy.</p> <p>Univariate analysis in patients with late RCC progression showed that histologic variant (<italic>p</italic> = 0.048) and degree of tumor differentiation (<italic>p</italic> = 0.005), number of metastases (<italic>p</italic> = 0.003), metastases to lymph nodes (<italic>p</italic> = 0.026) and performance of metastasectomy (<italic>p</italic> = 0.028) were additional factors independently affecting OS rates.</p> <p>Multivariate analysis showed that histological variant (<italic>p</italic> = 0.048) and degree of tumor differentiation (<italic>p</italic> = 0.045), IMDC prognosis (<italic>p</italic> = 0.005), bone metastases (<italic>p</italic> = 0.039), brain metastases (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) and metastasectomy (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001) were additional factors with an independent effect on OS in patients with late RCC progression.</p> <p>Patients with late RCC progression have higher OS and treatment response rates with systemic therapy due to a number of favorable prognostic characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Позднее прогрессирование почечно-клеточного рака<bold> </bold>(ПКР) после радикальной нефрэктомии – нередкое явление, но данные об ответах на системную терапию ограничены.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– проанализировать показатели выживаемости и ответа на системную терапию, а также выявить прогностические факторы у больных ПКР с поздним прогрессированием после радикальной нефрэктомии.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Проведен ретроспективный анализ данных 161 пациента (68,1 % мужчин), получавших лечение на базе Городской онкологической больницы № 62 (г. Москва) и Городского онкологического диспансера (г. Санкт-Петербург) с 2006 по 2022 г. Средний возраст больных составил 63,3 (40–77) года. Всем больным ранее выполнялась радикальная нефрэктомия. Благоприятный прогноз по IMDC (International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium, Международный консорциум по лечению метастатического рака почки) имели 77 %, промежуточный прогноз – 18 %. Проанализированы клинико-морфологические данные больных, получавших системную терапию по поводу метастатического ПКР, диагностированного более чем через 5 лет после радикальной нефрэктомии. Статистический анализ проводился с использованием пакетов программного обеспечения Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, США) посредством построения кривых Каплана–Майера и таблиц дожития, построения математической модели дожития.</p> <p><bold>Результаты и заключение.</bold> Медиана общей выживаемости (ОВ) в общей когорте пациентов составила 52,3 мес (95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 43,8–62,9), 3- и 5-летняя ОВ – 64 % (95 % ДИ 57–72) и 43 % (95 % ДИ 36–52) соответственно. Все пациенты в 1-й линии получали таргетную терапию; терапия ингибиторами тирозинкиназ проведена у 159 (98,7 %), m-TOR – у 2 (1,3 %) больных. Медиана продолжительности терапии 1-й линии составила 34,1 мес; 124 (77 %) пациента получили терапию 2-й линии.</p> <p>В однофакторном анализе у больных с поздним прогрессированием ПКР гистологический вариант (<italic>p</italic> = 0,048) и степень дифференцировки опухоли (<italic>p</italic> = 0,005), количество метастазов (<italic>p</italic> = 0,003), метастазы в лимфатических узлах (<italic>p</italic> = 0,026) и выполнение метастазэктомии (<italic>p</italic> = 0,028) были дополнительными факторами, оказывающими независимое влияние на показатели ОВ.</p> <p>При многофакторном анализе гистологический вариант (<italic>p</italic> = 0,048) и степень дифференцировки опухоли (<italic>p</italic> = 0,045), прогноз по IMDC (<italic>p</italic> = 0,005), метастазы в костях (<italic>p</italic> = 0,039), головном мозге (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001) и выполнение метастазэктомии (<italic>p</italic> = 0,001) были дополнительными факторами, оказывающими независимое влияние на показатели ОВ у пациентов с поздним прогрессированием ПКР.</p> <p>Пациенты с поздним прогрессированием ПКР имеют более высокие показатели ОВ и ответа на лечение при проведении системной терапии<bold> </bold>благодаря ряду благоприятных прогностических характеристик.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>overall survival</kwd><kwd>prognostic factors</kwd><kwd>late progression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>общая выживаемость</kwd><kwd>прогностический фактор</kwd><kwd>позднее прогрессирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Capitanio U., Bensalah K., Bex A. et al. 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