<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1870</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2025-21-1-50-58</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prostate cancer. Future of using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Рак предстательной железы. Перспективы применения количественной магнитно-резонансной томографии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-1672</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8640-9989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abuladze</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абуладзе</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liya Ruslanovna Abuladze</p><p>Build. 1, 24 Petrovka St., Moscow 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лия Руслановна Абуладзе - врач-рентгенолог ГБУЗ "ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина" ДЗМ младший научный сотрудник ГБУЗ "НПКЦ ДиТ ДЗМ".</p><p>127051 Москва, ул. Петровка, 24, стр. 1</p></bio><email>drliaabuladze@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-2514</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2278-7290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 24 Petrovka St., Moscow 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Семенов - ведущий научный сотрудник, инженер, кандидат технических наук.</p><p>127051 Москва, ул. Петровка, 24, стр. 1</p></bio><email>SemenovDS4@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8870-7649</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7463-4645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varyukhina</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варюхина</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 24 Petrovka St., Moscow 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Дмитриевна Варюхина - научный сотрудник, кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>127051 Москва, ул. Петровка, 24, стр. 1</p></bio><email>VaryukhinaMD@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific and Practical Clinical Center of Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-практический центр диагностики и телемедицинских технологий Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-11"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1870">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1870</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Prostate cancer is the 2nd most common malignant neoplasms among adult males. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method of choice in radiological diagnostics of this disease allowing to noninvasively evaluate the prostate. Currently, the PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System) system is widely used. However, its assessment is subjective, or “by eye”, therefore the possibility of enhancing qualitative analysis with quantitative should be considered an excellent prospect.</p><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To determine correlations between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and PI-RADS score which will allow to move from subjectivity in evaluation of prostate MRI results and make them independent of radiologists’ experience.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The pilot retrospective study included MRI data of 28 patients with verified prostate cancer from the period between 2020 and 2022.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> Total PI-RADS score showed strong statistically significant negative correlation with mean ADC (r = –0.85; p &lt;0.001) and minimum ADC (r = –0.82; p &lt;0.001). PI-RADS score correlation with prostate-specific antigen level did not show statistical significance (p = 0.162). Total regression was statistically significant (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.73; F (4.13) = 8.799; p = 0.001). It was found that PI-RADS score depended on mean ADC (p &lt;0.001) and prostate-specific antigen level (p = 0.013). Additionally, linear regression models were developed to predict Gleason score but with the current dataset they did not show statistical significance, possibly due to the small sample size.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. The use of quantitative MRI in diagnosis of prostate cancer is a promising method which allows to objectivate PI-RADS score and to decrease the number of unjustified biopsies in the future. The key reason why quantitative MRI cannot be widely implemented is that ADC values are affected by a large number of external parameters, and ADC values can significantly vary in different devices. Therefore, in the future standardization of the prostate scanning protocol with optimal selection of b-value and minimization of factors affecting ADC measurement will allow to achieve more reliable comparative metrics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Рак предстательной железы занимает 2-е место в структуре заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями среди мужского взрослого населения. Магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ) – метод выбора в лучевой диагностике данного заболевания, который позволяет неинвазивно оценить предстательную железу. В настоящее время активно применяется система PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System), однако оценка по ней является субъективной, иными словами «на глаз», поэтому возможность дополнения качественного анализа количественным следует расценивать как отличную перспективу.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – выявить корреляции между значениями измеряемого коэффициента диффузии (ИКД) и баллом по системе PI-RADS, что может позволить уйти от субъективизации в оценке результатов МРТ предстательной железы независимо от опыта врача-рентгенолога.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В пилотном ретроспективном исследовании проанализированы данные МРТ 28 пациентов с верифицированным раком предстательной железы за период 2020–2022 гг.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Сумма баллов по системе PI-RADS продемонстрировала сильную статистически значимую отрицательную связь со средним ИКД (r = –0,85; p &lt;0,001) и минимальным ИКД (r = –0,82; p &lt;0,001). Связь балла по PI-RADS с уровнем простатического специфического антигена не продемонстрировала статистической значимости (p = 0,162). Общая регрессия была статистически значимой (R<sup>2</sup> = 0,73; F (4,13) = 8,799; p = 0,001). Обнаружено, что балл по PI-RADS значимо зависит от среднего ИКД (p &lt;0,001) и уровня простатического специфического антигена (p = 0,013). Также были построены модели линейной регрессии для предсказания балла по шкале Глисона, которые, однако, на имеющемся наборе данных не продемонстрировали статистической значимости, что может быть объяснено ограниченным количеством наблюдений.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Применение количественной МРТ в диагностике рака предстательной железы представляется достаточно перспективным методом, позволяющим объективизировать оценку по системе PI-RADS, что в перспективе может снизить количество необоснованных биопсий. Ключевым моментом, не позволяющим внедрять количественную МРТ повсеместно в настоящее время, является тот факт, что на значения ИКД влияет огромное количество внешних параметров и показатели ИКД могут сильно разниться при использовании разных аппаратов. Поэтому в перспективе стандартизация протокола сканирования предстательной железы с оптимальным выбором b-фактора и минимизация факторов, влияющих на измерение ИКД, могут позволить обеспечить более надежные сравнительные метрики.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>quantitative magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>standardization</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>количественная магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>стандартизация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This article was prepared by the team of authors under research project “Scientific assurance of standardization, safety and quality of magnetic resonance imaging” (EGISU No. 123031500007-6)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная статья подготовлена авторским коллективом в рамках НИР «Научное обеспечение стандартизации, безопасности и качества магнитно-резонансной томографии» (ЕГИСУ № 123031500007-6)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Prostate. World Health Organization. Cancer today. Available at: https://gco.iarc.who.int/media/globocan/factsheets/cancers/27-prostate-fact-sheet.pdf</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant tumors in Russia in 2021 (morbidity and mortality). Eds.: А.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskiy, A.O. Shakhzadova. Moscow: MNIOI im. P.A. Gertsena – filial FGBU “NMITS radiologii” Minzdrava Rossii, 2022. 252 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2021 году (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, О.В. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2022. 252 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Gleason D., Mellinger G. Prediction of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histological grading and clinical staging. J Urology 1974;111(1):58–64. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)59889-4</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Lomas D., Ahmed H.U. All change in the prostate cancer diagnostic pathway. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020;17(6):372–81. DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0332-z</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Turkbey B., Rosenkrantz A., Haider M. et al. Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2.1: 2019 Update of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2. Eur Urol 2019;76(3):340–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.033</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abuladze L.R., Govorov A.V., Sinitsyn V.E. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of focal therapy efficacy for prostate cancer. Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii = Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 2023;104(1):90–100. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.20862/0042-4676-2023-104-1-90-100</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абуладзе Л.Р., Говоров А.В., Синицын В.Е. Возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии в оценке эффективности фокального лечения рака предстательной железы. Вестник рентгенологии и радиологии 2023;104(1):90–100. DOI: 10.20862/0042-4676-2023-104-1-90-100</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Barentsz J., Richenberg J., Clements R. et al. ESUR prostate MR guidelines 2012. Eur Radiol 2012;22(4):746–57. DOI: 10.1007/s00330-011-2377-y</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Park S., Jung D., Oh Y. et al. Prostate cancer: PI-RADS Version 2 helps preoperatively predict clinically significant cancers. Radiology 2016;280(1):108–16. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.16151133</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abuladze L.R., Semenov D.S., Panina O.Yu., Vasiliev Yu.A. Optimized biparametric magnetic resonance imaging protocol for prostate cancer detection. Digital Diagnostics 2022;(3):166–77. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.17816/DD108484</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абуладзе Л.Р., Семенов Д.С., Панина О.Ю., Васильев Ю.А. Оптимизированный протокол бипараметрической магнитнорезонансной томографии для диагностики рака предстательной железы. Digital Diagnostics 2022;(3):166–77. DOI: 10.17816/DD108484</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Kızılay F., Çelik S., Sözen S. et al. Correlation of Prostate-Imaging Reporting and Data Scoring System scoring on multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological factors in radical prostatectomy material in Turkish prostate cancer patients: a multicenter study of the Urooncology Association. Prostate Int 2020;8(1):10–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.prnil.2020.01.001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Pripatnanont W., Opanuraks J., Prasopsanti K. et al. A correlation of PI-RADS score and pathological grading outcome post radical prostatectomy: a retrospective review. Insight Urology 2021;42(2):110–6. DOI: 10.52786/isu.a.32</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lipana K., Albano G., Arcinas R. et al. The correlation between PI-RADS score and the detection of prostate cancer using MRI-ultrasound fusion-guided transperineal prostate biopsy: the first Philippine report. PJU [Internet] 2019;29(1):45–53. [cited 2024 Sep. 13]. Available at: https://pjuonline.com/index.php/ pju/article/view/89</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lipana K., Albano G., Arcinas R. et al. The correlation between PI-RADS score and the detection of prostate cancer using MRI-ultrasound fusion-guided transperineal prostate biopsy: the first Philippine report. PJU [Internet] 2019;29(1):45–53. [cited 2024 Sep. 13]. Available at: https://pjuonline.com/index.php/pju/article/view/89</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Katz A., Liu C., Kosinski K. Histopathologic correlation of PI-RADS V.2 lesions on 3T multiparametric prostate MRI. J Clin Oncol 2016;34(2_suppl):10. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.10</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Callender T., Emberton M., Morris S. et al. Benefit, harm, and cost-effectiveness associated with magnetic resonance imaging before biopsy in age-based and risk-stratified screening for prostate cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(3):e2037657. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37657</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Schoots I.G. MRI in early prostate cancer detection: how to manage indeterminate or equivocal PI-RADS 3 lesions? Transl Androl Urol 2018;7(1):70–82. DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.12.31</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Schlenker B., Apfelbeck M., Armbruster M. et al. Comparison of PIRADS 3 lesions with histopathological findings after MRI-fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate in a real worldsetting. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019;71(2):165–70. DOI: 10.3233/CH-189407</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Liddell H., Jyoti R., Haxhimolla H.Z. MP-MRI prostate characterised PIRADS 3 lesions are associated with a low risk of clinically significant prostate cancer – a retrospective review of 92 biopsied PIRADS 3 lesions. Curr Urol 2015;8(2):96–100. DOI: 10.1159/000365697</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Drevik J., Dalimov Z., Uzzo R. et al. Utility of PSA density in patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions across a large multi-institutional collaborative. Urol Oncol 2022;40(11):490.e1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.08.003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Munjal A., Leslie S.W. Gleason Score. [Updated 2023 May 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553178/</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Huber P., Afzal N., Arya M. et al. Focal HIFU therapy for anterior compared to posterior prostate cancer lesions. World J Urol 2021;39(4):1115–9. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03297-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The use of PI-RADS system in MR diagnostics of the prostate: Methodological recommendations. Contributors: A.E. Nikolaev, I.A. Blokhin, A.N. Shapiev et al. “Best practices in radiological and instrumental diagnostics” series. Issue 31. Moscow: GBUZ “NPKTS DiT DZM”, 2019. 26 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Применение системы PI-RADS в МР-диагностике предстательной железы: Методические рекомендации / Сост. А.Е. Николаев, И.А. Блохин, А.Н. Шапиев и др. Серия «Лучшие практики лучевой и инструментальной диагностики». Вып. 31. М.: ГБУЗ «НПКЦ ДиТ ДЗМ», 2019. 26 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Manetta R., Palumbo P., Gianneramo C. et al. Correlation between ADC values and Gleason score in evaluation of prostate cancer: multicentre experience and review of the literature. Gland Surg 2019;8(S3):S216–22. DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.05.02</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Tamada T., Prabhu V., Li J. et al. Assessment of prostate cancer aggressiveness using apparent diffusion coefficient values: impact of patient race and age. Abdom Radiol 2017;42(6):1744–51. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1058-y</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Alessandrino F., Taghipour M., Hassanzadeh E. et al. Predictive role of PI-RADSv2 and ADC parameters in differentiating Gleason pattern 3 + 4 and 4 + 3 prostate cancer. Abdom Radiol 2019;44(1):279–85. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1718-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Turkbey B., Shah V., Pang Y. et al. Is Apparent diffusion coefficient associated with clinical risk scores for prostate cancers that are visible on 3-T MR images? Radiology 2011;258(2):488–95. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.10100667</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Wang X., Wang B., Gao Z. et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging of prostate cancer: Correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient values and tumor proliferation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2009;29(6):1360–6. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21797</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Tamada T., Sone T., Jo Y. et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient values in peripheral and transition zones of the prostate: comparison between normal and malignant prostatic tissues and correlation with histologic grade. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008;28(3):720–6. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21503</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Hambrock T., Somford D., Huisman H. et al. Relationship between apparent diffusion coefficients at 3.0-T MR imaging and Gleason grade in peripheral zone prostate cancer. Radiology 2011;259(2):453–61. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11091409</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Zelhof B., Pickles M., Liney G. et al. Correlation of diffusionweighted magnetic resonance data with cellularity in prostate cancer. BJU Int 2009;103(7):883–8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08130.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Jyoti R., Jain T., Haxhimolla H. et al. Correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient ratio on 3.0 T MRI with prostate cancer Gleason score. Eur J Radiol Open 2018;5:58–63. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2018.03.002</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Girometti R., Giannarini G., Greco F. et al. Interreader agreement of PI-RADS v. 2 in assessing prostate cancer with multiparametric MRI: A study using whole-mount histology as the standard of reference. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019;49(2):546–55. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26220</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Wei C., Zhang Y., Pan P. et al. Diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement of PI-RADS version 2 and version 2.1 for the detection of transition zone prostate cancers. Am J Roentgenol 2021;216(5):1247–56. DOI: 10.2214/AJR.20.23883</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Gupta R., Mehta K., Turkbey B. et al. PI-RADS: past, present, and future. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020;52(1):33–53. DOI: 10.1002/jmri.2689</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Jordan E., Fiske C., Zagoria R. et al. PI-RADS v2 and ADC values: is there room for improvement? Abdom Radiol 2018;43(11):3109–16. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1557-5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Polanec S., Helbich T., Bickel H. et al. Quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient derived from diffusion-weighted imaging has the potential to avoid unnecessary MRI-guided biopsies of mpMRI-detected PI-RADS 4 and 5 lesions. Invest Radiol 2018;53(12):736–41. DOI: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000000498</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Glazer D., Hassanzadeh E., Fedorov A. et al. Diffusion-weighted endorectal MR imaging at 3T for prostate cancer: correlation with tumor cell density and percentage Gleason pattern on whole mount pathology. Abdom Radiol 2017;42(3):918–25. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0942-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Fennessy F., Maier S. Quantitative diffusion MRI in prostate cancer: image quality, what we can measure and how it improves clinical assessment. Eur J Radiol 2023;167:111066. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111066</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sergunova K.A. Study and development of methods and approaches to control characteristics of magnetic resonance and X-ray computed tomographs. Dis. … candidate of technical sciences. Saint Petersburg, 2019. 17 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сергунова К.А. Исследование и разработка метолов и средств контроля характеристик магнитно-резонансных и рентгеновских компьютерных томографов. Автореф. дис. … канд. техн. наук. СПб., 2019. 17 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
