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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1869</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2026-22-1-60-70</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. TESTICULAR CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак яичка</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Variants of the anatomy of the renal vascular bed in patients with retroperitoneal germ cell tumors</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Варианты анатомии сосудистого русла почек у пациентов с герминогенными опухолями забрюшинной локализации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-777X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamizhev</surname><given-names>Eldar M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамижев</surname><given-names>Эльдар Мухамедович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4447-9458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-9150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melikov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меликов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tambiyeva</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамбиева</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1913-9390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karakhanova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караханова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-8804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotov</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротов</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-7109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Oncological Dispensary, Saint Petersburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПб ГУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinic of High Medical Technologies named after N.I. Pirogov, Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North Caucasian State Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Кавказская государственная академия»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-10"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1869">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1869</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Renovascular anatomy is characterized by complex morphological variations in relation to the number, origin level, length, diameter and topographic relationships of the vessels. Understanding of individual vascular anatomy during the planning of surgical intervention in the retroperitoneal space allows to decrease technical difficulty and achieve better perioperative results.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To study frequencies of renal vessel variant anatomies that can become intraoperative finds in patients with germ cell tumors of the retroperitoneal location due to incomplete preoperative examination creating technical difficulties during surgical treatment.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> At the first stage, comparison of a group of 407 patients with germ cell tumors with a control group (401 patients with other oncological diseases) by the presence of vascular anomalies was performed. The second stage consisted of intragroup analysis of operative time, blood loss volume and complications in patients after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection depending on the identified vascular anomaly.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Anomalies of renal arteries were identified in 73.2 % of cases in the germ cell tumor group which significantly differed from the control group value of 24.9 % (<italic>р</italic> = 0.001). The frequency of renal vein anomalies in germ cell tumors was 69.0 % compared to 12.5 % in the control group (<italic>р</italic> &lt; 0.05). Median operative time in the total group was 217.2 ± 0.7 min. Statistically significant differences in increase of operative time in the presence of additional arteries (<italic>р</italic> = 0.001) and veins (<italic>р</italic> = 0.002) were observed. Total mean blood loss volume was 389 ± 51.4 mL. Intraoperative blood loss volume significantly depended on injury of additional arteries (<italic>р</italic> = 0.003) and veins (<italic>р</italic> = 0.002). Intraoperative complications associated with injury of the main large vessels were observed in 18.7 % of cases. Clinically significand trend was observed towards decreased intraoperative injury of additional and main vessels (total number of injuries 36 (8.9 %) and 76 (18.7 %), respectively; <italic>р</italic> = 0.017) and, therefore, decreased risk of surgical complications after accumulation of experience in retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and introduction of computed tomography with 3D reconstruction of renal vessels in 2018.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Frequency and diversity of various vessels of the retroperitoneal space in patients with germ cell tumors require careful preoperative preparation of the patients in the form of topographic visualization of the vascular network.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Реноваскулярная анатомия демонстрирует сложные морфологические вариации с точки зрения количества, уровня происхождения, протяженности, диаметра и топографических взаимоотношений сосудов. При планировании оперативного вмешательства в области забрюшинного пространства понимание частной сосудистой анатомии позволит снизить техническую сложность вмешательства и добиться лучших периоперационных результатов.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучить частоту встречаемости вариантов анатомии почечных сосудов, способных стать интраоперационной находкой у пациентов с герминогенными опухолями забрюшинной локализации при неполном обследовании на дооперационном этапе и создать технические трудности хирургического лечения.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Первым этапом проведено сравнение группы из 407 пациентов с герминогенными опухолями с контрольной группой (401 пациент с иными онкологическими заболеваниями) на предмет наличия сосудистых аномалий. Вторым этапом проведен внутригрупповой анализ продолжительности операции, объема кровопотери и развития осложнений у пациентов после забрюшинной лимфаденэктомии в зависимости от выявления сосудистой аномалии.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Аномалии почечных артерий отмечены в 73,2 % случаев в группе герминогенных опухолей, что статистически значимо отличалось от контрольной группы – 24,9 % (<italic>р</italic> = 0,001). Частота аномалий почечных вен при герминогенных опухолях составила 69,0 % по сравнению с 12,5 % в контрольной группе (<italic>р</italic> &lt; 0,05). Медиана длительности операции в общей группе составила 217,2 ± 0,7 мин. Отмечены статистически значимые различия в увеличении времени операции при наличии дополнительных артерий (<italic>р</italic> = 0,001) и вен (<italic>р</italic> = 0,002). Общий средний объем кровопотери составил 389 ± 51,4 мл. Объем интраоперационной кровопотери статистически значимо зависел от повреждения дополнительных артерий (<italic>р</italic> = 0,003) и вен (<italic>р</italic> = 0,002). Интраоперационные осложнения, связанные с повреждением основных крупных сосудов, наблюдались в 18,7 % случаев. Отмечены клинически значимая тенденция к уменьшению частоты интраоперационного повреждения добавочных и основных сосудов (общее число повреждений 36 (8,9 %) и 76 (18,7 %) соответственно; <italic>р</italic> = 0,017) и тем самым снижение риска операционных осложнений после накопления опыта выполнения забрюшинной лимфаденэктомии, а также внедрения в клиническую практику компьютерной томографии с 3D-реконструкцией почечных сосудов с 2018 г.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Частота и разнообразие различных вариаций сосудов забрюшинного пространства у пациентов с герминогенными опухолями обусловливают необходимость тщательной предоперационной подготовки пациентов данной когорты в виде топографической визуализации сосудистого русла.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>germ cell tumor</kwd><kwd>anatomy</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd><kwd>retroperitoneal space</kwd><kwd>developmental anomaly</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>герминогенная опухоль</kwd><kwd>анатомия</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd><kwd>забрюшинное пространство</kwd><kwd>аномалия развития</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Beck S.D., Foster R.S., Bihrle R. et al. 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