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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-3-67-79</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Side effects and complications of high dose-rate brachytherapy: literature review and our own observations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Побочные эффекты и осложнения высокомощностной брахитерапии: обзор литературы и собственное наблюдение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-8696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukina</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щукина</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold> Elizaveta O. Shchukina </bold></p><p><italic>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249036</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Щукина Елизавета Олеговна</bold> - врач-онколог отделения лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии </p><p><italic>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</italic></p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID 1166889</p></bio><email>shukina-elizavet@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6750-521X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Biryukov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249036</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Бирюков Виталий Александрович</bold> - к.м.н., врач-онколог, радиотерапевт, старший научный сотрудник отделения лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии рака предстательной железы </p><p><italic>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</italic></p><p>РНИЦ AuthorID 746560</p></bio><email>vitbiryukov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6112-2840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karyakin</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карякин</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249036</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Карякин Олег Борисович</bold> - д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением лучевого и хирургического лечения урологических заболеваний с группой брахитерапии </p><p><italic>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4</italic></p></bio><email>karyakin@mrrc.obninsk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>4 Koroleva St., Obninsk 249036,</italic></p><p><italic>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Иванов Сергей Анатольевич</bold> - д.м.н., профессор РАН, директор МРНЦ им. А. Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России</p><p><italic>249036 Обнинск, ул. Королева, 4,</italic></p><p><italic>117198 Москва, ул. МиклухоМаклая, 6</italic></p></bio><email>oncourolog@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский&#13;
исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-11"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1847">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1847</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Among malignant tumors in men in Russia, prostate cancer is the most common comprising 17 %. Despite the high effectiveness of radiotherapy for prostate cancer in about 20 % of patients, radiation damage of the pelvic organs develops affecting bladder, rectum, and intrapelvic cellular tissue.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To evaluate early and late complications of high dose-rate brachytherapy.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>Literature review was performed, and our own results of treatment of 276 patients using high dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy with different fractionation regimens: 19 Gy per 1 fraction and 15 Gy per 2 fractions were analyzed.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>High dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy is associated with low complication rate. There were no statistically significant differences between singleand two-fraction regimens. Evaluation of complication severity per the RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) classification did not show complication severity above grade III. Early complications were diagnosed in 1.1 %, late in 3.3 % of cases. Between the treatment and comparison groups, no statistically significant differences in the frequency of urinary system organ symptoms per the IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) questionnaire were registered. Mean score per the IPSS prior to treatment was 4.0 (3.0–6.0) in the treatment group and 4.0 (3.0–8.5) in the comparison group. Mean follow-up duration in the treatment group was 65.0 (60.0–70.0) months, in the comparison group – 55.0 (49.5–65.0) months. After the treatment, mean IPSS score was 5.0 (4.0–5.0) in the treatment group and 5.0 (3.0–7.0) in the comparison group.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>High dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy and in combination with external beam therapy is a safe and effective treatment method in prostate cancer. Serious and late complications are rare, however toxic effects of severity grades I or II can develop. Careful patient selection for brachytherapy, therapy planning methods, as well as active management of early and late toxicity by a multidisciplinary team with knowledge and experience in treatment of side effects of radiotherapy can help optimize treatment with high dose-rate brachytherapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>В структуре заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями мужского населения России рак предстательной железы занимает 1-е место, составляя 17 %. Несмотря на высокую эффективность лучевых методов лечения рака предстательной железы, в среднем у 20 % больных после проведенного лечения формируются лучевые повреждения органов малого таза: мочевого пузыря, прямой кишки и внутритазовой клетчатки.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– оценить ранние и поздние осложнения высокомощностной брахитерапии.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Проведен обзор литературы, а также проанализированы собственные результаты лечения 276 пациентов с использованием высокомощностной брахитерапии в монорежиме в различных режимах фракционирования – 19 Гр за 1 фракцию и 15 Гр за 2 фракции.</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Проведение высокомощностной брахитерапии в монорежиме сопровождается низкой частотой развития осложнений. Статистически значимых различий между однофракционным и двухфракционным режимами не получено. При оценке степени тяжести осложнений по шкале RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) не зарегистрировано осложнений выше III степени. Ранние осложнения диагностированы в 1,1 %, поздние – в 3,3 % случаев. Между основной группой и группой сравнения не выявлено статистически значимых различий в частоте симптомов со стороны нижних мочевыводящих путей согласно анкетированию по опроснику IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score). Средний балл по IPSS до начала лечения составлял 4,0 (3,0–6,0) в основной группе и 4,0 (3,0–8,5) в группе сравнения. Длительность наблюдения за пациентами в основной группе составила в среднем 65,0 (60,0– 70,0) мес, в группе сравнения – 55,0 (49,5–65,0) мес. После проведенного лечения средний балл по IPSS составил 5,0 (4,0–5,0) в основной группе и 5,0 (3,0–7,0) в группе сравнения.</p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Высокомощностная брахитерапия как в монорежиме, так и в сочетании с дистанционной лучевой терапией – безопасный и эффективный метод лечения рака предстательной железы. Серьезные или поздние осложнения встречаются редко, однако могут развиваться менее выраженные токсические явления I или II степени тяжести. Необходимы тщательный отбор пациентов к проведению брахитерапии, выбор методов планирования терапии, а также активное ведение ранней и поздней токсичности многопрофильной командой, обладающей знаниями и опытом лечения побочных эффектов и осложнений лучевой терапии, что может помочь оптимизировать лечение пациентов с помощью высокомощностной брахитерапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>high dose-rate brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>side effect of brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>brachytherapy complication</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>высокомощностная брахитерапия</kwd><kwd>побочные эффекты брахитерапии</kwd><kwd>осложнения брахитерапии</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant tumors in Russia in 2022 (morbidity and mortality). Eds.: А.D. Kaprin, V.V. Starinskiy, A.O. 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