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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1828</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-4-44-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prognostic significance of germline mutations in DNA homologous recombination repair genes in patients with primary metastatic prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогностическое значение герминальных мутаций генов гомологичной рекомбинации ДНК у пациентов с первичным метастатическим раком предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5562-4963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muradkhanau</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурадханов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton I. Muradkhanаu.</p><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурадханов Антон Игоревич - врач-онколог-хирург онкоурологического отделения РНПЦ ОМР им. Н.Н. Александрова.</p><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><email>antonmuradkhanau@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2707-4911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinyavskaya</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синявская</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9811-6591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rolevich</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ролевич</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-7796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseev</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеев</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-9800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-7154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smal</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смаль</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>220072 Минск, ул. Академическая, 27</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Parmon</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пармон</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-165X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-5664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasny</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красный</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 7, 66 Lesnoy, Minsk 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>223040 Минск, аг. Лесной, 66, корп. 7</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Aleksandrov Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Oncology and Medical Radiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГНУ «Институт генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-17"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-01-21"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1828">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1828</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Since recently, hereditary and somatic defects in DNA homologous recombination repair (HHR) genes have been considered as promising prognostic and predictive markers for prostate cancer. However, despite the growing evidence of their prognostic significance, these biomarkers are not included in the standard prognostic classifications for primary hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa).</p><p><bold>Aim</bold>. To assess the frequency of germline HHR DNA mutations in the Belarusian population of patients with primary mPCa and to evaluate the prognostic significance of this biomarker for long-term mPCa treatment outcomes.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 97 patients with primary mPCa, aged between 45 and 88 years (median age 66 years) who had their HHR DNA mutation status determined from venous blood samples. Next-generation sequencing was used for genetic analysis. All patients received standard initial treatment including androgen deprivation and docetaxel chemotherapy. Cox univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted for major prognostic factors and genetic status and overall survival (OS) as the endpoint. The total cohort was split into three prognostic groups.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Рathogenic germline HHR DNA mutations were found in 16 patients (16.5 %; 95 % CI 9–24 %). The median OS and progression-free survival in the overall group were 31 months (95 % CI 25–38 months) and 15 months (95% CI 10–19 months), respectively. In the multivariate analysis with stepwise exclusion, the final model included two independent prognostic factors: HHR DNA mutation status (<italic>p</italic> = 0.028) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001). Based on pre-treatment ALP levels and HHR DNA mutation status, patients were categorized into groups with favorable, intermediate, and unfavorable prognosis, with median OS of 46 months, 31 months, and 18 months, respectively (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.0001).</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. In patients with primary mPCa, the frequency of germline HHR DNA mutations was 16.5 %. In the multivariate analysis, HHR DNA mutations statistically significantly correlated with OS. We developed prognostic classification of primary mPCa based on pre-treatment ALP levels and HHR DNA mutation status.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. В последнее время в качестве перспективных прогностических и предиктивных маркеров рака предстательной железы рассматриваются наследственные и соматические дефекты в генах гомологичной рекомбинации (ГГР) ДНК. Несмотря на растущую доказательную базу прогностической значимости данных биомаркеров, последние не учитываются в стандартных прогностических классификациях первичного гормоночувствительного метастатического рака предстательной железы (мРПЖ).</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценка частоты герминальных мутаций ГГР ДНК в белорусской популяции пациентов с первичным мРПЖ, а также определение прогностического значения данного биомаркера в отношении отдаленных результатов лечения мРПЖ.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование вошли 97 пациентов с первичным мРПЖ в возрасте от 45 до 88 лет (медиана 66 лет), которым был определен мутационный статус ГГР ДНК по образцу венозной крови. Для генетического анализа использовали секвенирование нового поколения. Все пациенты получали стандартное начальное лечение с использованием андрогенной депривации и химиотерапии доцетакселом. Проведены моно- и мультивариантный регрессионные анализы Кокса в отношении общей выживаемости (ОВ) с основными прогностическими факторами, а также генетическим статусом. На основании показателей отношения рисков сформированы прогностические группы.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Патогенные герминальные мутации ГГР ДНК выявлены у 16 (16,5 %) пациентов (95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 9–24 %). Медиана ОВ и выживаемости до прогрессирования в общей группе составила 31 мес (95 % ДИ 25–38 мес) и 15 мес (95 % ДИ 10–19 мес) соответственно. При проведении мультивариантного анализа с пошаговым исключением в финальной модели остались 2 независимых прогностических фактора: мутационный статус в ГГР ДНК (<italic>p</italic> = 0,028) и уровень щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ) (<italic>p</italic> ≤0,001). В зависимости от уровня ЩФ до начала лечения и мутационного статуса ГГР ДНК пациенты распределены на группы с благоприятным, промежуточным и неблагоприятным прогнозом с медианой ОВ 46, 31 и 18 мес соответственно (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,0001).</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. У пациентов с первичным мРПЖ частота выявления герминальных мутаций ГГР ДНК составила 16,5 %. В мультивариантном анализе мутации ГГР ДНК обладали статистически значимой ассоциацией с ОВ. Разработана прогностическая классификация, позволяющая распределить пациентов с первичным мРПЖ на 3 прогностические группы в зависимости от уровня ЩФ до начала лечения и мутационного статуса ГГР ДНК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metastatic prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>germline mutation</kwd><kwd>DNA repair gene</kwd><kwd>treatment outcome prediction</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метастатический рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>герминальная мутация</kwd><kwd>ген репарации ДНК</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование результатов лечения</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cancer in Belarus: figures and facts. Data analysis of the Belarusian Cancer Register: Eds.: S.L. Polyakov. Minsk: RNPC OMR im. N.N. Alexandrova, 2022. 280 p. 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