Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press182510.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-4-120-126REVIEWSОБЗОРЫVEGF gene polymorphisms and as a potential roles of bladder cancer recurrence factorПолиморфизм гена VEGF и его потенциальная роль фактора риска рецидива рака мочевого пузыряSiregarG. P.
Indonesia

Ginanda Putra Siregar.

Bandung; Medan

ginandaputra@gmail.comParwatiI.
Indonesia

Ida Parwati.

Bandung

Bandung

idaparwati2008@gmail.comSafridaiF.SafriadiF.
Indonesia

Ferry Safridai.

Bandung

Bandung

safriadif@yahoo.comTjahjodjatiT.
Indonesia

Tjahjodjati Tjahjodjati.

Bandung

Bandung

tjahjodjati@yahoo.comDoctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas PadjadjaranDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera UtaraDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Hasan Sadikin Hospital0112202420412012604072024051220242024https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1825

The study explores how certain variations in the VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) gene may influence the recurrence of bladder cancer, shedding light on its development and prognosis. Bladder cancer, mainly urothelial carcinoma, is complex and unpredictable, posing challenges for treatment. Understanding genetic factors, like VEGF gene variations, can help tailor treatment plans for better outcomes. The study highlights various pathways involved in bladder cancer progression, including the role of VEGF beyond just blood vessel growth. While some research suggests a connection between VEGF gene variations and bladder cancer risk, results vary. Identifying thesevariations could lead to personalized treatments and targeted therapies. However, more research is needed to understand how these genetic factors specifically affect cancer recurrence. Collaborative efforts and advanced studies are essential for improving bladder cancer management and patient outcomes.

В статье рассматривается, как определенные вариации в гене VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor, эндотелиальный фактор роста сосудов) могут влиять на рецидив рака мочевого пузыря, его развитие и прогноз. Рак мочевого пузыря, главным образом уротелиальная карцинома, является сложным и плохо поддающимся прогнозированию заболеванием, что усложняет его лечение. Понимание генетических факторов, включая вариации в гене VEGF, может помочь в выборе лечения для достижения лучших результатов. В статье описаны различные молекулярные пути, участвующие в прогрессировании рака мочевого пузыря, включая роль VEGF в росте сосудов и других процессах. Некоторые исследования предполагают взаимосвязь между вариациями в гене VEGF и риском рака мочевого пузыря, но результаты неоднозначны. Обнаружение таких вариаций может привести к разработке персонализированных подходов к лечению и таргетной терапии. Однако требуются дополнительные исследования для понимания того, как эти генетические факторы влияют на рецидив рака. Необходимы совместные усилия ученых и более глубокие исследования для улучшения тактики лечения и исходов у пациентов.

VEGF gene polymorphismsbladder cancerrecurrenceполиморфизм гена VEGFрак мочевого пузырярецидив1. Kaseb H., Aeddula N.R. Bladder Cancer. [Updated 2022 Oct 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/Kaseb H., Aeddula N.R. Bladder Cancer. [Updated 2022 Oct 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536923/2. Humphrey P.A., Moch H., Cubilla A.L. et al. The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and BladderTumours. Eur Urol 2016;70(1):106–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.028Humphrey P.A., Moch H., Cubilla A.L. et al. The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and BladderTumours. Eur Urol 2016;70(1):106–19. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.0283. Fu D., Li P., Cheng W. et al. Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor gene-gene and gene-smoking interaction and haplotype combination on bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. Oncotarget 2017;8(14):22927–35. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15287Fu D., Li P., Cheng W. et al. Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor gene-gene and gene-smoking interaction and haplotype combination on bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. Oncotarget 2017;8(14):22927–35. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.152874. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factors as a target for anticancer therapy. Oncologist 2004;9:2–10. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.9-suppl_1-2Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factors as a target for anticancer therapy. Oncologist 2004;9:2–10. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.9-suppl_1-25. Siregar G.P. Vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphism in bladder cancer: areview. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (OAMJMS) 2020;8(F):31–6.Siregar G.P. Vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphism in bladder cancer: areview. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences (OAMJMS) 2020;8(F):31–6.6. Van der Horst G., Bos L., van der Pluijm G. Epithelial plasticity, cancer stem cells, and the tumor-supportive stroma in bladder carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2012;10(8):995–1009. DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-12-0274Van der Horst G., Bos L., van der Pluijm G. Epithelial plasticity, cancer stem cells, and the tumor-supportive stroma in bladder carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2012;10(8):995–1009. DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-12-02747. Bakkar A.A., Wallerand H., Radvanyi F. et al. FGFR3 and TP53 gene mutations define two distinct pathways in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder FGFR3 and TP53 gene mutations define two distinct pathways in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer Res 2003;63(23):8108–12.Bakkar A.A., Wallerand H., Radvanyi F. et al. FGFR3 and TP53 gene mutations define two distinct pathways in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder FGFR3 and TP53 gene mutations define two distinct pathways in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer Res 2003;63(23):8108–12.8. Chan K.S., Espinosa I., Chao M. et al. Identification, molecular characterization, clinical prognosis, and therapeutic targeting of human bladder tumor-initiating cells. PNAS 2009;106(33): 14016–21. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0906549106Chan K.S., Espinosa I., Chao M. et al. Identification, molecular characterization, clinical prognosis, and therapeutic targeting of human bladder tumor-initiating cells. PNAS 2009;106(33): 14016–21. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.09065491069. Thompson D.B., Siref L.E., Feloney M.P. et al. Immunological basis in the pathogenesis and treatment of bladder cancer. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015;11(2):265–79. DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.2015.983082Thompson D.B., Siref L.E., Feloney M.P. et al. Immunological basis in the pathogenesis and treatment of bladder cancer. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015;11(2):265–79. DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.2015.98308210. Marti H.H. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. In: Madame Curie Bioscience Database [Internet]. Austin (TX): Landes Bioscience; 2000–2013. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6149/Marti H.H. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. In: Madame Curie Bioscience Database [Internet]. Austin (TX): Landes Bioscience; 2000–2013. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6149/11. Clauss M. Molecular biology of the VEGF and the VEGF receptor family. Semin Thromb Hemost 2000;26(5):561–9. DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-13213Clauss M. Molecular biology of the VEGF and the VEGF receptor family. Semin Thromb Hemost 2000;26(5):561–9. DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-1321312. Robinson C.J., Stringer S.E. The splice variants of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and their receptors. J Cell Sci 2001;114:853–65. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.114.5.853Robinson C.J., Stringer S.E. The splice variants of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and their receptors. J Cell Sci 2001;114:853–65. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.114.5.85313. Marti H.H., Risau W. Angiogenesis in ischemic disease. Thromb Haemost 1999;82 Suppl 1:44–52.Marti H.H., Risau W. Angiogenesis in ischemic disease. Thromb Haemost 1999;82 Suppl 1:44–52.14. Wenger R.H. Mammalian oxygen sensing, signalling and gene regulation. J Exp Biol 2000;203:1253–63.Wenger R.H. Mammalian oxygen sensing, signalling and gene regulation. J Exp Biol 2000;203:1253–63.15. Wafi S.B., Kallel A., Fradj M.K. et al. Haplotype-based association of vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms with urothelial bladder cancer risk in Tunisian population. J Clin Lab Anal 2018;32(9):e22610. DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22610Wafi S.B., Kallel A., Fradj M.K. et al. Haplotype-based association of vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms with urothelial bladder cancer risk in Tunisian population. J Clin Lab Anal 2018;32(9):e22610. DOI: 10.1002/jcla.2261016. Cohen S.M., Shirai T., Steineck G. Epidemiology and etiology of premalignant and malignanturothelial changes. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 2000;205:10515. DOI: 10.1080/00365590050509869Cohen S.M., Shirai T., Steineck G. Epidemiology and etiology of premalignant and malignanturothelial changes. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 2000;205:10515. DOI: 10.1080/0036559005050986917. Garcia-Closas M., Malats N., Real F.X. et al. Large-scale evaluation of candidate genes identifies associations between VEGF polymorphisms andbladder cancer risk. Plos Genetics 2007;3(2):287–93. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030029Garcia-Closas M., Malats N., Real F.X. et al. Large-scale evaluation of candidate genes identifies associations between VEGF polymorphisms andbladder cancer risk. Plos Genetics 2007;3(2):287–93. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.003002918. Fu D., Li P., Cheng W. et al. Impact of vascular endothelial growth factorgene-gene and gene-smoking interaction and haplotype combination on bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. Oncotarget 2017;8(14):22927–35. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15287Fu D., Li P., Cheng W. et al. Impact of vascular endothelial growth factorgene-gene and gene-smoking interaction and haplotype combination on bladder cancer risk in Chinese population. Oncotarget 2017;8(14):22927–35. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1528719. Jaiswal P.K., Tripathi N., Shukla A., Mittal R.D. Association of single nucleotide polymorphismsin vascular endothelial growth factor gene with bladder cancer risk. Med Oncol 2013;30(2):509–16. DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0509-8Jaiswal P.K., Tripathi N., Shukla A., Mittal R.D. Association of single nucleotide polymorphismsin vascular endothelial growth factor gene with bladder cancer risk. Med Oncol 2013;30(2):509–16. DOI: 10.1007/s12032-013-0509-820. Yang Y., Zhang X., Song D., Wei J. Association between vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk. Mol Clin Oncol 2014;2(4):501–5. DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.296Yang Y., Zhang X., Song D., Wei J. Association between vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk. Mol Clin Oncol 2014;2(4):501–5. DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.29621. Longo F., Biondi M.L., Inneo V. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genotypes, halotypes and risk of bladder cancer. Eur Urol Suppl 2009;8(4):227.Longo F., Biondi M.L., Inneo V. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genotypes, halotypes and risk of bladder cancer. Eur Urol Suppl 2009;8(4):227.22. Henriquez-Hernandez L.A., Navarro P., Luzardo O.P. et al. Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase and, MDR1 and VEGF genes as riskfactors of bladder cancer: A case-control study. Urol Oncol 2012;30(5):660–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.08.02Henriquez-Hernandez L.A., Navarro P., Luzardo O.P. et al. Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase and, MDR1 and VEGF genes as riskfactors of bladder cancer: A case-control study. Urol Oncol 2012;30(5):660–5. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.08.02