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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1810</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-1-24-35</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак почки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Phase 3 CLEAR study in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: outcomes in subgroups for the lenvatinib-plus-pembrolizumab and sunitinib arms</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование III фазы CLEAR у пациентов с распространенным почечно-клеточным раком: анализ в подгруппах больных, получавших ленватиниб с пембролизумабом и сунитиниб</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Grünwald</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor Grünwald.</p><p>Essen</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Grünwald Viktor.</p><p>Эссен</p></bio><email>Viktor.Gruenwald@uk-essen.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Powles</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><address><country country="GB">United Kingdom</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>London</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лондон</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Eto</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fukuoka</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фукуока</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kopyltsov</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омск</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rha</surname><given-names>S. Y.</given-names></name><address><country country="KR">Korea, Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seoul</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сеул</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Porta</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bari</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бари</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Motzer</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>New York, NY</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нью-Йорк, штат Нью-Йорк</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hutson</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dallas, TX</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даллас, штат Техас</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Méndez-Vidal</surname><given-names>M. J.</given-names></name><address><country country="ES">Spain</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Córdoba</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кордова</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hong</surname><given-names>S. H.</given-names></name><address><country country="KR">Korea, Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seoul</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сеул</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Winquist</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><address><country country="CA">Canada</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>London, ON</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лондон, Онтарио</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goh</surname><given-names>J. C.</given-names></name><address><country country="AU">Australia</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St Lucia, QLD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сент-Люсия, Квинсленд</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maroto</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><address><country country="ES">Spain</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barcelona</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барселона</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Buchler</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><address><country country="CZ">Czech Republic</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prague</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прага</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Takagi</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tokyo</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Токио</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Burgents</surname><given-names>J. E.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rahway, NJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рауэй, штат Нью-Джерси</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Perini</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rahway, NJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рауэй, штат Нью-Джерси</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>He</surname><given-names>C.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nutley, NJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Натли, штат Нью-Джерси</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Okpara</surname><given-names>C. E.</given-names></name><address><country country="GB">United Kingdom</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hatfield</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хэтфилд</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>McKenzie</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nutley, NJ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Натли, штат Нью-Джерси</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Choueiri</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boston, MA</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бостон, штат Массачусетс</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Clinic for Medical Oncology and Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Essen</institution></aff><aff id="aff2"><institution>Barts Cancer Institute and the Royal Free Hospital, Queen Mary University of London</institution></aff><aff id="aff3"><institution>Department of Urology, Kyushu University</institution></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Institution of Healthcare Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУЗ ОО «Клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff5"><institution>Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System</institution></aff><aff id="aff6"><institution>Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’</institution></aff><aff id="aff7"><institution>Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center</institution></aff><aff id="aff8"><institution>Medical Oncology, Texas Oncology</institution></aff><aff id="aff9"><institution>Department of Oncology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC) Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía</institution></aff><aff id="aff10"><institution>Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea</institution></aff><aff id="aff11"><institution>Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario</institution></aff><aff id="aff12"><institution>ICON Research, South Brisbane &amp; University of Queensland ICON Research</institution></aff><aff id="aff13"><institution>Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau</institution></aff><aff id="aff14"><institution>Department of Oncology, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital</institution></aff><aff id="aff15"><institution>Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University</institution></aff><aff id="aff16"><institution>Global Clinical Development, Merck &amp; Co., Inc.</institution></aff><aff id="aff17"><institution>Clinical Research, Merck &amp; Co., Inc.</institution></aff><aff id="aff18"><institution>Biostatistics, Eisai Inc.</institution></aff><aff id="aff19"><institution>Clinical Research, Eisai Ltd.</institution></aff><aff id="aff20"><institution>Clinical Research, Eisai Inc.</institution></aff><aff id="aff21"><institution>Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-18"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1810">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1810</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> The phase 3 CLEAR study demonstrated that lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab significantly improved efficacy <italic>versus </italic>sunitinib as first-line treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Prognostic features including presence and/or site of baseline metastases, prior nephrectomy, and sarcomatoid features have been associated with disease and treatment success. This subsequent analysis explores outcomes in patients with or without specific prognostic features.</p><p><bold>Methods.</bold> In CLEAR, patients with clear cell RCC were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive either lenvatinib (20 mg/day) plus pembrolizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks), lenvatinib (18 mg/day) plus everolimus (5 mg/day), or sunitinib alone (50 mg/day, 4 weeks on, 2 weeks off). In this report, progression-free survival, overall survival, and objective response rate were all assessed in the lenvatinib-plus-pembrolizumab and the sunitinib arms, based on baseline features: lung metastases, bone metastases, liver metastases, prior nephrectomy, and sarcomatoid histology.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> In all the assessed subgroups, median progression-free survival was longer with lenvatinib plus-pembrolizumab than with sunitinib treatment, notably among patients with baseline bone metastases (hazard ratio (HR) 0.33; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.21–0.52) and patients with sarcomatoid features (HR 0.39; 95 % CI 0.18–0.84). Median overall survival favored lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab over sunitinib irrespective of metastatic lesions at baseline, prior nephrectomy, and sarcomatoid features. Of interest, among patients with baseline bone metastases the HR for survival was 0.50 (95 % CI 0.30–0.83) and among patients with sarcomatoid features the HR for survival was 0.91 (95 % CI 0.32–2.58); though for many groups, median overall survival was not reached. Objective response rate also favored lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab over sunitinib across all subgroups; similarly, complete responses also followed this pattern.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Efficacy outcomes improved following treatment with lenvatinib-plus-pembrolizumab <italic>versus</italic> sunitinib in patients with RCC – irrespective of the presence or absence of baseline lung metastases, baseline bone metastases, baseline liver metastases, prior nephrectomy, or sarcomatoid features. These findings corroborate those of the primary CLEAR study analysis in the overall population and support lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab as a standard of care in 1L treatment for patients with advanced RCC.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В рамках исследования III фазы CLEAR c включением пациентов с распространенной формой почечно-клеточного рака (ПКР) мы провели анализ в подгруппах комбинации ленватиниба с пембролизумабом и сунитиниба. Исследуемые прогностические факторы были основанием деления на подгруппы и включали исходное наличие и/или локализацию метастазов, предшествующую нефрэктомию и присутствие саркоматоидного компонента; изучена их ассоциация с заболеванием и исходами лечения.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – проанализировать исходы у пациентов с наличием или отсутствием определенных прогностических характеристик.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследовании CLEAR пациенты со светлоклеточным ПКР были случайным образом распределены в одну из 3 групп (в соотношении 1:1:1): комбинации ленватиниба (20 мг/сут) с пембролизумабом (200 мг каждые 3 нед), комбинации ленватиниба (18 мг/сут) с эверолимусом (5 мг/сут), только сунитиниба (50 мг/сут, 4 нед лечения, 2 нед перерыв). Были проанализированы показатели выживаемости без прогрессирования, общей выживаемости и частоты объективного ответа в группах ленватиниба с пембролизумабом и сунитиниба на основе исходных признаков, включая наличие метастазов в легких, костях, печени, предшествующую нефрэктомию и присутствие саркоматоидного компонента.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Во всех исследуемых подгруппах медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования была больше у пациентов, получавших ленватиниб с пембролизумабом, чем у пациентов группы сунитиниба, особенно среди больных с исходными метастазами в костях (отношение рисков (ОР) 0,33; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,21–0,52) и саркоматоидным компонентом (ОР 0,39; 95 % ДИ 0,18–0,84). Медиана общей выживаемости свидетельствовала в пользу более высокой эффективности комбинации ленватиниба с пембролизумабом по сравнению с сунитинибом независимо от наличия исходных метастатических поражений, предшествующей нефрэктомии и саркоматоидного компонента. Следует отметить, что среди пациентов с исходными метастазами в костях ОР для выживаемости составило 0,50 (95 % ДИ 0,30–0,83), среди пациентов с саркоматоидным компонентом – 0,91 (95 % ДИ 0,32–2,58), хотя во многих группах медиана общей выживаемости не была достигнута. Частота объективного ответа также подтверждала большую эффективность комбинации ленватиниба с пембролизумабом по сравнению с сунитинибом во всех подгруппах. Частота полных ответов также следовала этой тенденции.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты текущего исследования указывают на более высокую эффективность комбинации ленватиниба с пембролизумабом по сравнению с сунитинибом у пациентов с ПКР, причем независимо от наличия или отсутствия исходных метастазов в легких, костях, печени, предшествующей нефрэктомии или саркоматоидного компонента. Данные нашего исследования также подтверждают результаты первичного анализа CLEAR в общей популяции и формируют основание для применения ленватиниба в сочетании с пембролизумабом в качестве 1-й линии терапии у пациентов с распространенным ПКР.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>lenvatinib</kwd><kwd>pembrolizumab</kwd><kwd>sunitinib</kwd><kwd>bone metastasis</kwd><kwd>liver metastasis</kwd><kwd>lung metastasis</kwd><kwd>sarcomatoid histology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почечно-клеточный рак</kwd><kwd>ленватиниб</kwd><kwd>пембролизумаб</kwd><kwd>сунитиниб</kwd><kwd>метастаз в костях</kwd><kwd>метастаз в печени</kwd><kwd>метастаз в легких</kwd><kwd>саркоматоидный компонент</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа имела поддержку от Eisai Inc., Натли, штат Нью-Джерси, США, и Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme LLC, дочерней компании Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Рауэй, штат Нью-Джерси, США. Помощь в написании статьи была оказана Oxford PharmaGenesis Inc., Ньютаун, штат Пенсильвания, США. Статья имела финансирование от Eisai Inc., Натли, штат Нью-Джерси, США, и Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme LLC, дочерней компании Merck &amp; Co., Inc., Рауэй, штат Нью-Джерси, США. Пациентам, получавшим лечение в Мемориальном онкологическом центре им. Слоуна–Кеттеринга, оказывалась поддержка за счет гранта того же центра (P30 CA008748).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Choueiri T.K., Motzer R.J. Systemic therapy for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2017;376:354–66. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1601333</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choueiri T.K., Motzer R.J. Systemic therapy for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2017;376:354–66. 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