Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press179310.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-3-159-167TOPICAL PROBLEMАКТУАЛЬНАЯ ТЕМАDecision support systems in the diagnosis of urological diseasesСистемы поддержки принятия решений в диагностике урологических заболеванийhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-0011VasilyevA. O.ВасильевА. О.
Russian Federation

Department of Urology, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia

Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473,

5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284,

9 Sharikopodshipnikovskaya St., Moscow 115088

Васильев Александр Олегович - к.м.н., ассистент кафедры урологии ФГБОУ ВО Российский университет медицины Минздрава России на базе ГБУЗ ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ; ведущий специалист ОМО по урологии НИИОЗММ ДЗМ

127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1,

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5,

115088 Москва, ул. Шарикоподшипниковская, 9

alexvasilyev@me.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3299-0574GovorovA. V.ГоворовА. В.
Russian Federation

Department of Urology, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia

Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473,

5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284

Говоров Александр Викторович - профессор РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры урологии ФГБОУ ВО Российский университет медицины Минздрава России на базе ГБУЗ ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ

127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1,

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5

dr.govorov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6228-012XArutyunyanP. A.АрутюнянП. А.
Russian Federation

Pavel A. Arutyunyan

Department of Urology, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia

Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473,

9 Sharikopodshipnikovskaya St., Moscow 115088

Арутюнян Павел Арменович - ведущий специалист ОМО по урологии НИИОЗММ ДЗМ, аспирант кафедры урологии ФГБОУ ВО Российский университет медицины Минздрава России на базе ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ

127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1,

115088 Москва, ул. Шарикоподшипниковская, 9

dr.p.arutyunyan@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-3408KimYu. А.КимЮ. А.
Russian Federation

5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284

Ким Юрий Александрович - врач-уролог 

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5

 

dockimyura@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-52382934-8873SarukhanyanA. L.СаруханянА. Л.
Russian Federation

Department of Urology, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia

Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473

Саруханян Арман Львович - аспирант кафедры урологии на базе 

127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1

arman.sarukhanyan@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-5723PushkarD. Yu.ПушкарьД. Ю.
Russian Federation

Department of Urology, Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia

Build. 1, 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473,

5 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284

Пушкарь Дмитрий Юрьевич - академик РАН, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой урологии ФГБОУ ВО Российский университет медицины Минздрава России, руководитель Московского урологического центра на базе ГБУЗ ММНКЦ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ

127473 Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1,

125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 5

pushkardm@mail.ruRussian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава РоссииS.P. Botkin Moscow Multidisciplinary Scientific and Clinical Center, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»Research Institute of Healthcare Organization and Medical Management, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»241120242031591670603202430092024https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1793

The need to process large amounts of data has led to the creation of software that can improve and facilitate the work of medical staff. Decision support systems (DSS) are now used in many branches of medicine both at the outpatient and inpatient stages of medical care, helping clinicians to choose the tactics of treatment and management of each individual patient. These systems to a certain extent can improve treatment results and diagnostic process. The introduction of DSS in clinical practice has shown many advantages in reducing the frequency of misdiagnosis and, consequently, the risk of medical errors. At the same time, DSS can have a number of disadvantages. For example, physicians may view them as a threat to their “clinical autonomy”, and the implementation and subsequent maintenance of DSS can be quite costly. Artificial intelligence, which is increasingly being used not only for diagnosis, but also for treatment and prediction of outcomes in various diseases, should be considered as a prerequisite for the creation of DSS. Active development of artificial intelligence has been noted in almost all branches of medicine. A non-systematic review of the available literature published in the period between 2012 and 2022 has shown that the application of AI in prostate cancer diagnosis has great potential in clinical practice, as it helps both in the choice of treatment method and in planning the course of further surgery.

Необходимость обработки большого объема данных привела к созданию программного обеспечения, способного улучшить и облегчить работу медицинских сотрудников. Системы поддержки принятия решений (СППР) сегодня используются во многих отраслях медицины как на амбулаторном, так и на стационарном этапе оказания медицинской помощи, помогая клиницистам в выборе тактики лечения и ведения каждого конкретного пациента. Данные системы способны в определенной степени улучшать результаты лечебно-диагностического процесса. Внедрение СППР в клиническую практику показало немало преимуществ в снижении частоты постановки ошибочных диагнозов и, как следствие, риска врачебных ошибок. Наряду с этим СППР могут иметь ряд недостатков. Так, врачи могут рассматривать их как угрозу своей «клинической автономии», а внедрение и последующее обслуживание СППР могут быть достаточно дорогостоящими. Предпосылкой к созданию СППР следует считать искусственный интеллект, который все чаще применяется не только для диагностики, но и для лечения и прогнозирования исходов при различных заболеваниях. Активное развитие искусственного интеллекта отмечено практически во всех отраслях медицины. Несистематический обзор имеющейся литературы, опубликованной в период с 2012 по 2022 г. показал, что применение СППР в диагностике рака предстательной железы имеет большой потенциал в клинической практике, поскольку помогает как в выборе метода лечения, так и в планировании хода дальнейшей операции.

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