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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1792</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2025-21-1-25-34</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Viral microbiome of prostate tissue in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вирусный микробиом ткани предстательной железы при доброкачественной гиперплазии и раке предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-7545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2052-914X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaleva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михалева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Tsyurupy St., Moscow 117418; 42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117418 Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-4263</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991; 42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6768-9004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhobotov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охоботов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5413-3239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Takhirzade</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тахирзаде</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-3261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshikhachev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшихачев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991; 42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-4547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Нестерова - Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0232-1567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaparov</surname><given-names>B. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапаров</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991; 42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-634X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strigunov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стригунов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology Lomonosov MSU.</p><p>Build. 10, 27 Lomonosovskiy Prospekt, Moscow 119192; 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119192 Москва, Ломоносовский пр-кт, 27, корп. 10; 119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-9665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechnikova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печникова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Tsyurupy St., Moscow 117418; 42 Lobachevskogo St., Moscow 119415</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117418 Москва, ул. Цюрупы, 3; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2266-2649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omar Aslanovich Osmanov - Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Department of Urology and Andrology.</p><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омар Асланович Османов - факультет фундаментальной медицины, кафедра урологии и андрологии МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова.</p><p>119991 Москва, Ленинские горы, 1; 119415 Москва, ул. Лобачевского, 42</p></bio><email>omar_osmanov07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский научно-образовательный центр ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology named after Academician A.P. Avtsyn, Russian National Research Center for Surgery named after B.V. Petrovsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт морфологии человека им. акад. А.П. Авцына ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital No. 31 named after Academician G.M. Savelyeva, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница № 31 им. акад. Г.М. Савельевой Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-05"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1792">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1792</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim</bold>. To evaluate the incidence of various viruses in prostate tissue in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa).</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 145 patients who were operated on for BPH (n = 79) or PCa (n = 66) in the period between 2019 and 2023. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed in the obtained samples of surgical material to determine the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6).</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Mean age of patients was 68.2 years. Viruses in prostate tissue were found in 40.7 % of patients in the total cohort: in 35.4 % of patients with BPH and in 47.0 % of patients with PCa (p = 0.159). The most common virus detected in the total cohort of patients was EBV which was found in 18.6 % of patients: in 16.5 % of patients with BPH and in 21.2 % of patients with PCa (p = 0.464). The second most common was HHV-6 (9.0 % of patients of the total cohort: 19.7 % of patients with PCa and in 0 % with BPH, p &lt;0.001), and the third was CMV (7.6 % of patients: 2.5 % of patients with BPH and 13.6 % of patients with PCa, p = 0.027). When combining all HPV types, the prevalence of HPV was 10.3 %, but individual subtypes were found in isolated cases and their incidence in the total cohort did not exceed 2.1 %. The incidence of HPV (all types) was 16.5 % in patients with BPH and 3.0 % in patients with PCa (p = 0.018).</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> In patients with prostate diseases, almost half of the cases have viral infection localized in the prostate tissue. CMV and HHV-6 are the most common in patients with PCa. The latter was not found in patients with BPH. EBV is equally represented among patients with BPH and PCa.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – оценить частоту встречаемости различных вирусов в ткани предстательной железы при доброкачественной гиперплазии (ДГПЖ) и раке (РПЖ) предстательной железы.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование были включены 145 пациентов, прооперированных по поводу ДГПЖ (n = 79) или РПЖ (n = 66) в период с 2019 по 2023 г. В полученных образцах операционного материала была проведена полимеразная цепная реакция в режиме реального времени на наличие вирусов папилломы человека (ВПЧ), вирусов простого герпеса 1-го и 2-го типов, цитомегаловируса (ЦМВ), вируса Эпштейна–Барр (ВЭБ), вируса герпеса 6-го типа (HHV-6).</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Средний возраст пациентов составил 68,2 года. Вирусы в ткани предстательной железы встречались у 40,7 % пациентов общей выборки: у 35,4 % пациентов с ДГПЖ и у 47,0 % пациентов с РПЖ (р = 0,159). Наиболее распространенным вирусом, выявляемым в общей выборке пациентов, оказался ВЭБ, встречающийся у 18,6 % пациентов: у 16,5 % – с ДГПЖ и у 21,2 % – с РПЖ (р = 0,464). Вторым по распространенности оказался HHV-6 (у 9,0 % пациентов: у 19,7 % – с РПЖ и 0 % – с ДГПЖ; р &lt;0,001), а третьим – ЦМВ (у 7,6 % пациентов: у 2,5 % – с ДГПЖ и у 13,6 % – с РПЖ; р = 0,027). При объединении всех типов ВПЧ распространенность ВПЧ составляла 10,3 %, однако отдельные подтипы встречались в единичных случаях и их распространенность в общей выборке не превышала 2,1 %. Распространенность ВПЧ (все типы) составила 16,5 % у пациентов с ДГПЖ и 3,0 % у пациентов с РПЖ (р = 0,018).</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. У пациентов с заболеваниями предстательной железы практически в половине случаев встречается вирусная инфекция, локализующаяся в ткани предстательной железы. Для пациентов с РПЖ наиболее характерными являются ЦМВ и HHV-6. Последний не встречается у пациентов с ДГПЖ. ВЭБ в равной степени представлен среди пациентов с ДГПЖ и РПЖ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>prostatic hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>гиперплазия предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed without external funding</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Banerjee S., Alwine J.C., Wei Z. et al. Microbiome signatures in prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis 2019;40(6):749–64. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz008</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Feng Y., Ramnarine V.R., Bell R. et al. 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