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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1785</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2024-20-2-35-43</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Artificial intelligence in diagnosis of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging. New approach</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Искусственный интеллект в диагностике рака предстательной железы с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии. Новый подход</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-368X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aboyan</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абоян</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Igor Artemovich Aboyan, </bold>professor of urology, head of CDC «Zdorovie» in Rostov-on-Don</p><p><italic>70/3 Dolomanovskiy Pereulok, 344011 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Игорь Артемович Абоян,</bold> доктор мед. наук, профессор, главный врач </p><p><italic>344011 Ростов-на-Дону, переулок Доломановский, 70/3</italic></p></bio><email>aboyan@center-zdorovie.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Redkin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Редькин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Vladimir Aleksandrovich Redkin, </bold>radiology doctor</p><p><italic>70/3 Dolomanovskiy Pereulok, 344011 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Владимир Александрович Редькин</bold>, врач лучевой диагностики  </p><p><italic>344011 Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Доломановский, 70/3</italic></p></bio><email>vladimir.redkin85@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazaruk</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарук</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Mikhail Gennadievich Nazaruk, </bold>software developer </p><p><italic>1/52 50-letiya Rostselmasha St., 344065 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Михаил Геннадьевич Назарук</bold>, разработчик программного обеспечения</p><p><italic>344065 Ростов-на-Дону, ул. 50-летия Ростсельмаша, 1/52</italic></p></bio><email>m.g.nazaruk@me.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9589-5458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Andrey Sergeevich Polyakov, </bold>urologist, urology department</p><p><italic>70/3 Dolomanovskiy Pereulok, 344011 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Андрей Сергеевич Поляков</bold>, врач уролог, урологического отделения </p><p><italic>344011 Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Доломановский, 70/3</italic></p></bio><email>polyakov.andrey.00@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6468-5983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakus</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пакус</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Sergei Mikhailovich Pakus, </bold>head of the oncourology department </p><p><italic>70/3 Dolomanovskiy Pereulok, 344011 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Сергей Михайлович Пакус</bold>, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением онкоурологии </p><p><italic>344011 Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Доломановский, 70/3</italic></p></bio><email>sergejj.pakus@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0431-7902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemeshko</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемешко</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Svetlana Ivanovna Lemeshko, </bold>Head Department of Pathoanatomical research of the Centralized Diagnostic Laboratory of the city of Rostov-on-Don</p><p><italic>70/3 Dolomanovskiy Pereulok, 344011 Rostov-on-Don</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Светлана Ивановна Лемешко</bold>,  зав. отделом патологоанатомических исследований Централизованной Диагностической Лаборатории города Ростова-на-Дону </p><p><italic>344011 Ростов-на-Дону, пер. Доломановский, 70/3</italic></p></bio><email>Lemeshko_lana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-4532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hasigov</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасигов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Аlan Vladimirovich Hasigov, </bold>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics with Radiation Therapy</p><p><italic>40 Pushkinskaya St., 362019 Vladikavkaz, Northern Ossetia– Alania Republic</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Алан Владимирович Хасигов</bold>, д.м.н. заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики с лучевой терапией</p><p><italic>Республика Северная Осетия – Алания, 362019 Владикавказ, ул. Пушкинская, 40</italic></p></bio><email>alan_hasigov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Diagnostic Center “Zdorovie” in Rostov-on-Don</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ РО «Клинико-диагностический центр «Здоровье» в г. Ростове-на-Дону</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Gremion Plus LLC1/52</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Гремион плюс»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern Ossetia State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-25"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1785">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1785</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer by training a neural network to identify malignant tumor lesions using the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies with the same or greater accuracy than an experienced radiologist, using as the truth histological mapping of slides performed by a morphologist.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The work was performed at the “Zdorovie” Clinical and Diagnostic Center in Rostov-on-Don. Patients selected for the study underwent MRI in the Philips Ingenia 3.0T machine according to the prostate multiparametric MRI protocol, which complies with the requirements of PI-RADS v.2.1. The obtained data was used to train a convolutional neural network based on the U-Net architecture. The correct map of the actual locations of prostate cancer lesions was obtained using the “Morphologist’s digital mapping tool” software.</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>The research part of the work consisted of following stages:</p><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p>development of the “Morphologist’s digital mapping tool” software for virtualization of lesions;</p></list-item><list-item><p>analysis of MRI data archive, retrospective selection of patients;</p></list-item><list-item><p>mapping of data by a morphologist to identify lesions in the prostate with layer-by-layer transfer of visualized lesions in the histological preparation to the image of the prostate gland in the “Morphologist’s digital mapping tool”, as well as training of the neural network to identify the presence of a malignant neoplasm in the prostate, location of the lesion(s), clinically significant disease;</p></list-item><list-item><p>data validation</p></list-item></list><p>For a certain amount of input data and high-quality mapping of this data, the neural network is capable of detecting prostate cancer lesions with the same accuracy as an experienced radiologist. Validation showed that the neural network correctly localized prostate cancer in 78 % of cases, while the radiologist did so in 55 % of cases. Comparative analysis also revealed the ability of the neural network to detect prostate cancer in areas of the prostate where the radiologist could not recognize any visual patterns indicating the presence of prostate cancer.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>Training a neural network without the participation of a radiologist is a fundamentally new approach that allows to sidestep the experience and qualifications of a radiologist in interpreting the obtained multiparametric MRI images.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– улучшить процесс диагностики рака предстательной железы (РПЖ) путем обучения нейросети определению очагов злокачественных образований на основе результатов магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) с такой же точностью, как у опытного радиолога, или большей с использованием в качестве истины гистологической разметки препаратов, выполняемой морфологом.</p><p><bold>Материалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и методы. </bold>Работу проводили на базе КДЦ «Здоровье» в г. Ростове-на-Дону. Отобранным для исследования пациентам выполняли МРТ на аппарате Philips Ingenia 3.0T по протоколу мультипараметрической МРТ предстательной железы, соответствующему требованиям PI-RADS v.2.1. Полученные данные использованы для обучения сверточной нейронной сети, основанной на архитектуре U-Net. Получена достоверная карта фактического расположения очагов РПЖ из программного обеспечения «Цифровой инструмент разметки морфолога».</p><p><bold>Резуль</bold><bold>та</bold><bold>ты.</bold><bold> </bold>Исследовательская часть работы состояла из следующих этапов:</p><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p>разработка программного обеспечения «Цифровой инструмент разметки морфолога» для виртуализации очагов поражения;</p></list-item><list-item><p>анализ архива данных МРТ и ретроспективный отбор пациентов;</p></list-item><list-item><p>разметка данных морфологом для обозначения очагов поражения в предстательной железе с послойным переносом визуализированных очагов в гистологическом препарате на изображение предстательной железы в разработанном программном обеспечении, а также обучение нейросети определению злокачественного новообразования предстательной железы, локализации очагов;</p></list-item><list-item><p>валидация данных.</p></list-item></list><p>Установлено, что при определенном объеме входных данных и высоком качестве их разметки нейросеть способна определять очаги РПЖ с той же точностью, что и опытный радиолог. Важное отличие исследования – исключение радиолога из процесса обучения нейросети. По результатам валидации нейросеть корректно локализовала РПЖ в 78 % случаев, в то время как радиолог – в 55 %. В процессе сравнительного анализа также выявлена способность нейросети определять РПЖ в тех зонах предстательной железы, где радиолог не мог распознать никаких визуальных паттернов, указывающих на наличие РПЖ.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold><bold> </bold>Обучение нейросети без участия рентгенолога – принципиально новый подход, позволяющий нивелировать опыт и квалификацию специалиста в интерпретации изображений, получаемых при мультипараметрической МРТ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>neural networks</kwd><kwd>diagnosing prostate cancer</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>мпМРТ</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>нейронные сети</kwd><kwd>дигностика рака предстательной железы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaprin A.D., Alekseev B.Ya., Matveev V.B. et al. 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