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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1724</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2023-19-4-24-31</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак почки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Metastasis suppressor kisspeptin (KISS1) in serum of patients with renal cell carcinoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Супрессор метастазирования кисcпептин (KISS1) в сыворотке крови больных почечно-клеточным раком</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3898-4127</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6225-1487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushlinskii</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушлинский</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Nikolay E. Kushlinskii</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, </italic></p><p><italic>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Кушлинский Николай Евгеньевич</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24,</italic></p><p><italic>127006 Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4</italic></p></bio><email>kne3108@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-9924</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9912-4482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Olga V. Kovaleva</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Ковалева Ольга Владимировна</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>ovkovaleva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-801X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5317-1433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gershtein</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герштейн</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Elena S. Gershtein</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, </italic></p><p><italic>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Герштейн Елена Сергеевна</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24,</italic></p><p><italic>127006 Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4</italic></p></bio><email>esgershtein@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3585-5693</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9252-7995</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alferov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алферов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aleksandr A. Alferov</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, </italic></p><p><italic>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Алферов Александр Андреевич</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24,</italic></p><p><italic>127006 Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4</italic></p></bio><email>aleksandr.alferov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-2509</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1819-9783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>Yu. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>Ю. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Yurii B. Kuzmin</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Кузьмин Юрий Борисович</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24,</italic></p><p><italic>127006 Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4</italic></p></bio><email>yriikuzmin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-9210</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4297-6163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezhanova</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бежанова</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Svetlana D. Bezhanova</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Бежанова Светлана Дмитриевна</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>dmitrownaja@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-1098</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7345-0808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Igor A. Klimanov</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Климанов Игорь Александрович</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>i.klimanov@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-2754</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2047-6708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyubimova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Nina V. Lyubimova</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522, </italic></p><p><italic>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Любимова Нина Васильевна</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24,</italic></p><p><italic>127006 Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4</italic></p></bio><email>biochimia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2137-1866</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9661-2601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gratchev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aleksey N. Gratchev</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Грачев Алексей Николаевич</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>gratchev@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5422-2878</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5164-2969</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zybina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыбина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Nataliya N. Zybina</bold></p><p><italic>54 Optikov St., Saint Petersburg 197345</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Зыбина Наталья Николаевна</bold></p><p><italic>197345 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Оптиков, 54</italic></p></bio><email>zybinan@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7748-9527</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1741-9963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Vsevolod B. Matveev</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Матвеев Всеволод Борисович</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>v.matveev@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-1166</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9622-7106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stilidi</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стилиди</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Ivan S. Stilidi</bold></p><p><italic>24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Стилиди Иван Сократович</bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</italic></p></bio><email>director@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.M. Nikiforov All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine, Russian Emergency Situations Ministry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Всероссийский центр экстренной и радиационной медицины им. А.М. Никифорова» МЧС России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-26"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-11-15"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1724">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1724</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold><bold> </bold>The most important problems in improvement of treatment outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are search and validation of molecular markers for its early diagnosis and prognosis. Genes suppressing distant metastasizing but not affecting the primary tumor are called metastasis suppressors. Study of these genes and their products not only improves understanding of the mechanisms of tumor progression, but has practical value for diagnosis, prognosis, and establishment of new molecular targets for antitumor therapy. One of such genes is <italic>KISS1 </italic>with its product kisspeptin (KISS1) protein.</p><p><bold>Aim:</bold><bold> </bold>comparative evaluation of KISS1 concentration in blood serum of practically healthy persons and patients with renal cancer; analysis of correlations between the marker’s level and clinical and morphological characteristics of the disease.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>140 patients with RCC (88 men, 52 women) aged between 29 and 82 years were included in the study. Among them, clear cell RCC was diagnosed in 84 patients, papillary in 38, chromophobe in 18. The control group was comprised of 40 healthy persons of matched age and sex. Pre-treatment KISS1 concentration in blood serum was measured using a direct enzyme immunoassay kit (Kisspeptin 1 – KISS1, Cloud-Clone Corp., USA).</p><p><bold>Results. </bold>Median serum KISS1 concentration in the control group was 51.7 pg/mL which was significantly lower than in the total RCC patient group – 243.6 pg/mL (<italic>p </italic>&lt;0.0001). ROC analysis of diagnostic value of serum KISS1 level was performed both for the total RCC group and for each of its three histological types. In the total group the sensitivity of the test was 75 %, specificity – 80 % (AUC 0.877; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.827–0.927; optimal cut-off level 130.8 pg/mL; <italic>р</italic><italic> </italic>&lt;0.0001). For clear cell RCC, both sensitivity and specificity were 85 % (AUC 0.941; 95 % CI 0.902– 0.979; cut-off 141.8 pg/mL; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0.0001). In non-clear cell RCC types, sensitivity of this marker was only 58 % while the specificity remained 80 % (for papillary RCC AUC 0.787; 95 % CI 0.684–0.889; cut-off level 135.5 pg/mL; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0.0001, and for chromophobe RCC AUC 0.774; 95 % CI 0.617–0.929; cut-off level 132.1 pg/mL; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0.001). KISS1 level increased with disease progression: it is significantly higher at more advanced stages above stage I, and in patients with distant metastases compared to those without metastases. Higher serum KISS1 level is also observed in patients with poorly differentiated high-grade (per Furhman) clear cell RCC and papillary RCC (G<sub>3</sub>–G<sub>4</sub>) than in those with well differentiated low-grade (G1–G2) tumors.</p><p><bold>Conclusion. </bold>KISS1 level is significantly increased in patients with RCC compared to healthy controls and is a stagedependent marker of this disease. It has relatively high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (both 85 %) for the most frequent histological type of RCC – clear cell RCC. Thus, clinical significance of kisspeptin in RCC requires further investigation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Наиболее актуальными задачами в области улучшения результатов лечения почечно-клеточного рака (ПКР) остаются поиск и валидация молекулярных маркеров для его ранней диагностики и прогноза. Гены, подавляющие метастазирование, но не влияющие на развитие первичной опухоли, называют генами-супрессорами метастазирования. Исследование данного класса генов и их продуктов не только расширяет понимание механизмов опухолевой прогрессии, но и имеет практический интерес для диагностики, прогноза и поиска новых мишеней для терапии онкологических заболеваний. К числу таких генов относится <italic>KISS1</italic>, продуктом которого является белок кисспептин (KISS1).</p><p><bold>Цель</bold><bold> </bold><bold>исследования</bold><bold> </bold>– сравнительная оценка содержания KISS1 в сыворотке крови практически здоровых лиц и больных ПКР, а также анализ связи уровня этого белка с основными клинико-морфологическими особенностями заболевания.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Обследованы 140 больных (88 мужчин, 52 женщины) ПКР разных стадий в возрасте от 29 до 82 лет. Светлоклеточный ПКР установлен у 84, папиллярный – у 38, хромофобный – у 18 пациентов. Контрольную группу составили 40 здоровых доноров соответствующего возраста и пола. Содержание KISS1 в сыворотке крови определяли до лечения с помощью набора реактивов для прямого иммуноферментного анализа (Kisspeptin 1 – KISS1, Cloud-Clone Corp., США).</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Медиана содержания KISS1 в сыворотке крови здоровых доноров составила 51,7 пг/мл и была статистически значимо ниже, чем в общей группе больных ПКР, – 243,6 пг/мл (<italic>p </italic>&lt;0,0001). ROC-анализ диагностической значимости уровня KISS1 в сыворотке крови проведен как для ПКР в целом, так и по отдельности для 3 его гистологических вариантов. Для общей группы чувствительность теста составила 75 %, специфичность – 80 % (площадь под ROC-кривой (AUC) 0,877; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,827–0,927; оптимальный пороговый уровень 130,8 пг/мл; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0,0001). Для светлоклеточного ПКР чувствительность и специфичность – 85 % (AUC 0,941; 95 % ДИ 0,902–0,979; пороговый уровень 141,8 пг/мл; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0,0001). При несветлоклеточных вариантах ПКР чувствительность данного маркера составила всего 58 %, тогда как специфичность сохранялась на уровне 80 % (для папиллярного ПКР AUC 0,787; 95 % ДИ 0,684–0,889; пороговый уровень 135,5 пг/мл; <italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>&lt;0,0001 и для хромофобного ПКР AUC 0,774; 95 % ДИ 0,617–0,929; пороговый уровень 132,1 пг/мл; <italic>p </italic>&lt;0,001). Уровень KISS1 возрастает с увеличением распространенности заболевания, а именно на всех более поздних клинических стадиях по сравнению со стадией I, а также у пациентов с отдаленными метастазами по сравнению с теми, у кого метастазы отсутствуют. Более высокий уровень KISS1 в сыворотке крови выявлен также при низкой степени дифференцировки светлоклеточного и папиллярного ПКР по Фурману (G3–G4), чем при более дифференцированных (G1–G2) опухолях.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold><bold> </bold>Уровень KISS1 значимо повышается у больных ПКР по сравнению с контрольной группой и при данном заболевании является маркером, зависимым от стадии. Он обладает достаточно высокими диагностическими чувствительностью и специфичностью (в обоих случаях – 85 %) при наиболее часто встречающемся гистологическом типе ПКР – светлоклеточном. В связи с этим клиническое значение кисспептина при ПКР заслуживает дальнейшего более углубленного изучения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cell cancer</kwd><kwd>KISS1</kwd><kwd>blood serum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак почки</kwd><kwd>KISS1</kwd><kwd>сыворотка крови</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kushlinskii N.E., Gershtein E.S., Alferov A.A. et al. Prognostic role of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7, 8, 9 and their type 1 tissue inhibitor in blood serum of patients with kidney cancer. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020;168(5):673–6. DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04778-w</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Steeg P.S., Ouatas T., Halverson D. et al. Metastasis suppressor genes: basic biology and potential clinical use. Clin Breast Cancer 2003;4(1):51–62. 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