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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1709</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2023-19-3-133-145</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Hereditary cancer syndromes with increased risk of renal cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наследственные онкологические синдромы с повышенным риском развития рака почки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-8708</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2083-9060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylenko</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайленко</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Mikhaylenko.</p><p>1 Moskvorech’e St., Moscow 115522; 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайленко Дмитрий Сергеевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой онкогенетики ИВиДПО</p><p>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1; 119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8</p></bio><email>dimserg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorban</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбань</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Moskvorech’e St., Moscow 115522; 15 Marshala Timoshenko St., Moscow 121359</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбань Нина Андреевна – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая Центром патоморфологии и молекулярно-генетической диагностики</p><p>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1; Россия, 121359 Москва, ул. Маршала Тимошенко, 15</p></bio><email>perovanina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-2673</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9836-2326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaletaev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залетаев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Moskvorech’e St., Moscow 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Залетаев Дмитрий Владимирович - доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой медицинской генетики ИВиДПО.</p><p>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</p></bio><email>zalnem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">United Hospital with Outpatient Department, Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Объединенная больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-03"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-09-12"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1709">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1709</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Renal cancer (RC) is one of the three most common diseases in oncologic urology. Its accurate diagnosis and prognosis remain difficult and important problems. Some cases of RC are associated with hereditary cancer syndromes and are caused by germline mutations. This review describes monogenic forms of hereditary RC (von Hippel–Lindau syndrome, Birt–Hogg– Dubé syndrome, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer, hereditary papillary renal carcinoma, BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome) and diseases with several candidate genes (SDH-mutated tumors, tuberous sclerosis complex). Additionally, the review discusses the increased risk of RC in patients with frequent hereditary cancer syndromes predisposing to the development of a wide range of tumor types: Lynch and Li-Fraumeni syndromes. RC in combination with other carcinomas can develop in patients carrying pathogenic mutations in the candidate genes of different hereditary cancer syndromes –  multi-locus inherited  neoplasia  allele syndrome (MINAS)  –  which is especially important  due to the growing role of high-throughput sequencing in practical oncologic genetics. Additionally, guidelines on modern laboratory genetic diagnostics and active surveillance are presented for each syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак почки (РП) – одно из 3 частых онкоурологических заболеваний, своевременная диагностика и прогноз которого остаются актуальными задачами. Часть случаев РП связана с наследственными онкологическими синдромами и обусловлена герминальными  мутациями.  В настоящем  обзоре охарактеризованы моногенные формы наследственного РП (синдромы  Хиппеля–Линдау, Берта–Хогга–Дюбе, наследственный лейомиоматоз и почечно-клеточный рак, наследственная папиллярная карцинома почки, ВАР1-ассоциированный онкосиндром) и синдромы с несколькими генами-кандидатами (опухоли с мутациями генов семейства SDH, туберозный склероз). Отдельно рассмотрен вопрос о повышенном риске РП у пациентов с частыми онкосиндромами, предрасполагающими к развитию широкого патоморфологического спектра опухолей: синдромом Линча, Ли-Фраумени. Описаны случаи РП и других карцином у носителей патогенных мутаций в генах-кандидатах разных наследственных форм рака – мультилокусного наследственного онкологического синдрома (MINAS), что особенно актуально в связи с растущей ролью высокопроизводительного секвенирования в практической онкогенетике. Для каждого синдрома приведены рекомендации по современной лабораторной генетической диагностике и динамическому наблюдению.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cancer</kwd><kwd>hereditary cancer syndrome</kwd><kwd>germline mutation</kwd><kwd>genetic diagnostics</kwd><kwd>active surveillance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак почки</kwd><kwd>наследственный онкологический синдром</kwd><kwd>герминальная мутация</kwd><kwd>генетическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>динамическое наблюдение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the 2023 state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the N.P. Bochkov Research Center for Medical Genetics.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России для ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. 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