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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1669</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2023-19-2-66-74</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison of salvage high dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy for treatment of prostate cancer local recurrence after radical prostatectomy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение сальважной высокомощностной брахитерапии и дистанционной лучевой терапии локальных рецидивов рака предстательной железы после радикальной простатэктомии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-7735</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8380-3919</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy Director on scientific and curative work </p><p> 86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н. профессор, заместитель директора по научно-лечебной работе, руководитель клиники урологии</p><p> Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86 </p></bio><email>pavlovdetur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-375X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6383-0771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzidzaria</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзидзария</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Oncourology Department </p><p> 86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н, заведующий онкоурологическим отделением </p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86 </p><p> </p></bio><email>dzidzariamd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-6180</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1559-1728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsibulskiy</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбульский</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., старший научный сотрудник отделения онкоурологии </p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86 </p></bio><email>vracheg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9739-4744</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6305-1146</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzakhanov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаханов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramil Irekovich Mirzakhanov - Urologist, Postgraduate of the Department of Oncourology </p><p> 86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Рамиль Ирекович Мирзаханов - врач-уролог, аспирант</p><p> Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86 </p></bio><email>mirzakhanov.ramil@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenradiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-08-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-01"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-05-19"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1669">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1669</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To compare clinical efficacy of salvage high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBR) in treatment of local recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP).<bold>Materials and methods. </bold>Between January 2017 and December 2020, 60 patients with local recurrence of prostate cancer after RP were treated at the Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenology and Radiology. Two groups were identified: group 1 included 30 patients who underwent salvage external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) according to the classical fractionation regimen; in group 2, within the framework of the scientific protocol, 30 patients underwent 2 fractions of salvage HDR-BT with single boost dose of 15 Gy for total boost dose of 30 Gy. All patients in group 2 underwent pelvic multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography with prostatespecific membrane antigen ligands. In the 2nd group, transrectal biopsy of the prostate bed was also performed. Overall and biochemical recurrence-free survival, as well as the profile of early and late radiation complications, were analyzed.<bold>Results. </bold>Mean age of the patients at the time of salvage radiation therapy was 67.5 years (95 % confidence interval 66.1–69). Median time before development of biochemical relapse after RP was 24 months (interquartile range 13–46 months). Median follow-up period for all patients was 45 months (interquartile range 36–63 months). There were no dropouts in this study. The overall survival rate was 100 % in both groups. Comparative analysis of prostate specific antigen (PSA)-specific recurrence-free survival showed a clear trend toward an increase in the brachytherapy group; however, with the number of observations, statistically significant differences could not be achieved (<italic>p </italic>= 0.075). Salvage EBRT is more toxic than salvage HDR-BT. Comparative assessment of radiation adverse effects revealed higher frequency of early genitourinary toxicity of grade I and intestinal toxicity of grades I and II in the salvage EBRT group than in the salvage brachytherapy group, as well as late gastrointestinal toxicity of grade I and II.<bold>Conclusion. </bold>Salvage HDR-BT with 15 Gy × 2 fractions with total boost dose of up to 30 Gy was proved to be a promising treatment for local recurrence of prostate cancer after RP with an acceptable toxicity profile. There was also a trend towards increased PSA-specific recurrence-free survival in the salvage brachytherapy group compared with the salvage EBRT group.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– сравнить клиническую эффективность сальважной брахитерапии высокой мощности дозы (СБТ-ВМД) в монорежиме и дистанционной лучевой терапии (ДЛТ) в лечении локального рецидива рака предстательной железы после радикальной простатэктомии (РПЭ).<bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>За период с января 2017 г. по декабрь 2020 г. в Российском научном центре рентгенорадиологии получили лечение 60 пациентов с локальным рецидивом рака предстательной железы после РПЭ. Выделено 2 группы: в 1-ю группу вошли 30 пациентов, которым проведена сальважная ДЛТ в режиме классического фракционирования; во 2-й группе в рамках научного протокола 30 пациентам выполнено 2 фракции СБТ-ВМД в разовой очаговой дозе 15 Гр до суммарной очаговой дозы 30 Гр. Всем пациентам выполнены мультипараметрическая магнитно-резонансная томография органов малого таза и позитронно-эмиссионная томография, совмещенная с компьютерной томографией, с лигандами простатического специфического мембранного антигена. Во 2-й группе также проведена трансректальная биопсия ложа удаленной предстательной железы. Проанализированы общая и биохимическая безрецидивная выживаемость, а также структура ранних и поздних лучевых осложнений.<bold>Результаты. </bold>Средний возраст всех пациентов на момент проведения сальважной лучевой терапии составил 67,5 года (95 % доверительный интервал 66,1–69,0 года). Медиана времени до развития биохимического рецидива после РПЭ составила 24 мес (межквартильный размах 13–46 мес). Медиана периода наблюдения за всеми пациентами – 45 мес (межквартильный размах 36–63 мес). Выбывших из нашего исследования не было. Отмечена 100 % общая выживаемость в обеих группах. При сравнительном анализе безрецидивной выживаемости по уровню простатического специфического антигена (ПСА) отмечена явная тенденция к ее увеличению во 2-й группе, однако при данном количестве наблюдений достичь статистически значимых различий не удалось (<italic>p </italic>= 0,075). Сальважная ДЛТ оказалась токсичнее СБТ-ВМД. Сравнительная оценка лучевых токсических реакций выявила более высокую частоту ранней генитоуринарной токсичности I степени, интестинальной I и II степеней, а также поздней гастроинтестинальной токсичности I и II степеней в 1-й группе, чем во 2-й.<bold>Заключение. </bold>СБТ-ВМД в разовой очаговой дозе 15 Гр за 2 фракции до суммарной очаговой дозы 30 Гр показала себя перспективным методом лечения локальных рецидивов рака предстательной железы после РПЭ с приемлемым профилем токсических реакций. Также отмечена тенденция к увеличению ПСА-специфической безрецидивной выживаемости в группе сальважной брахитерапии по сравнению с сальважной ДЛТ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>salvage brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>iridium</kwd><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>local recurrence</kwd><kwd>radical prostatectomy</kwd><kwd>biochemical recurrence</kwd><kwd>salvage radiation therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сальважная брахитерапия</kwd><kwd>иридий</kwd><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>локальный рецидив</kwd><kwd>радикальная простатэктомия</kwd><kwd>биохимический рецидив</kwd><kwd>сальважная лучевая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Artibani W., Porcaro A.B., De Marco V. et al. Management of biochemical recurrence after primary curative treatment for prostate cancer: a review. Urol Int 2018;100(3):251–62. 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