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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1474</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2021-17-4-85-93</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of microRNAs in the development of radioresistance of prostate cancer cells (experimental study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль микроРНК в развитии радиорезистентности клеток рака предстательной железы (экспериментальное исследование)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6757-7662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhotkin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махоткин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Makhotkin.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махоткин Михаил Александрович.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p></bio><email>mmakhotkin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-9311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chebotarev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чеботарев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Chebotarev.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чеботарев Даниил Андреевич.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p></bio><email>last-che@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2983-997X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyutyakina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тютякина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria G. Tyutyakina.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тютякина Мария Геннадьевна.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p></bio><email>tyutyakina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-6841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mashkarina</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Машкарина</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aina N. Mashkarina.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Машкарина Айна Николаевна.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p></bio><email>aina_mashkarina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin A. Tarasov.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасов Валентин Алексеевич.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p></bio><email>vat.vigg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Kogan.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006; 29 Nakhichevanskiy Pereulok, Rostov-on-Don 344022.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коган Михаил Иосифович - главный научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной биологии ФИЦ ЮНЦ РАН; заведующий кафедрой урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека с курсом детской урологии-андрологии РостГМУ МЗ РФ; доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41; 344022 Ростов-на-Дону, переулок Нахичеванский, 29.</p></bio><email>dept_kogan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5128-4910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernogubova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черногубова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Chernogubova.</p><p>41 Prospekt Chekhova, Rostov-on-Don 344006.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черногубова Елена Александровна - заведующая лабораторией экспериментальной биологии, ведущий научный сотрудник, кандидат биологических наук.</p><p>344006 Ростов-на-Дону, проспект Чехова, 41.</p><p>Персональный идентификатор в РИНЦ 472916</p></bio><email>eachernogubova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ростовский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-08-09"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-10-20"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1474">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1474</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Radiation therapy is one of the leading treatments for early and late stage prostate cancer. Radiation therapy is one of the leading treatments for early and late stage prostate cancer. The significant frequency of prostate cancer progression after radiation therapy makes it relevant to study the molecular mechanisms of the development of radioresistance, to identify prognostic markers of its development.</p><p><bold>Objective</bold>: identification and analysis of the mechanism of action of microRNAs regulating radioresistance of prostate cancer cells on the model of the androgen-independent DU145 cell line.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. We used human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines: DU145-hormone-independent prostate cancer cell line and DU145-RR - its radioresistant variant. Differential microRNA expression was measured in cultured DU145 and DU145-RR cells 1, 8 days after a single gamma irradiation at a dose of 4 Gy. To analyze the differential expression of microRNAs in the initial and radioresistant variants of DU145 cells, the HiSeq 2000 platform (Illumina Inc., USA) was used. The miRBase v.21 database was used to identify microRNAs. The miRTarbase 7.0 and KEGG PATHWAY databases were used for bioinformatic analysis</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. The results of the study showed that the aberrant expression of miR-101-3p, -148a-3p, -21-3p, -532-5p, -92a-3p in DU145-RR cells upregulated compared to that in DU145 cells, and miR-125b-5p, -23a-3p, -424-3p - downregulated. It has been shown that the role of these microRNAs is associated with the provision of functional interaction between DNA methyltransferases, the transcriptional regulator of the proto-oncogenic protein Myc, and PTEN phosphatase in the regulation of the activity of MAPK and PI3K protein kinase signaling cascades. Constitutive activation of these cascades leads to an increase in cell survival, migration, proliferation, and growth.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. A wide range of target genes and a significant change in the expression profiles of microRNAs in various conditions, including the transition of malignant cells to a radioresistant status, makes microRNAs promising prognostic markers of radioresistance in prostate cancer.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Лучевая терапия - один из ведущих методов лечения рака предстательной железы на ранней и поздней стадиях развития. Значительная частота прогрессирования рака предстательной железы после лучевой терапии делает актуальными изучение молекулярных механизмов развития радиорезистентности и выявление прогностических маркеров ее развития.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> - идентификация и анализ механизма действия микроРНК, регулирующих радиорезистентность клеток рака предстательной железы на модели андрогеннезависимой клеточной линии DU145.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В работе использовали клеточные линии аденокарциномы предстательной железы человека: DU145 - гормононезависимую клеточную линию рака предстательной железы и DU145-RR - ее радиорезистент-ный вариант. Дифференциальную экспрессию микроРНК измеряли в культивируемых клетках DU145 и DU145-RR через 1 и 8 сут после однократного Y-облучения в дозе 4 Гр. Для анализа дифференциальной экспрессии микроРНК в исходном и радиорезистентном вариантах клеток DU145 использовали платформу HiSeq 2000 (Illumina Inc., США). Для идентификации микроРНК применяли базу данных miRBase v.21. Для биоинформатического анализа - базы данных miRTarbase 7.0 и KEGG PATHWAY.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Результаты исследования показали, что аберрантная экспрессия miR-101-3p, -148a-3p, -21-3p, -532-5p, -92a-3p в клетках DU145-RR повышается по сравнению с таковой в клетках DU145, а miR-125b-5p, -23a-3p, -424-3p -снижается. Показано, что роль этих микроРНК связана с обеспечением функционального взаимодействия между ДНК-метилтрансферазами, транскрипционным регулятором протоонкогенного белка Myc, а также фосфатазой PTEN в регуляции активности протеинкиназных сигнальных каскадов MAPK и PI3K. Конститутивная активация данных каскадов приводит к повышению выживаемости, миграции, пролиферации и росту клеток.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Широкий спектр генов-мишеней и существенное изменение профилей экспрессии микроРНК при различных состояниях, включая переход злокачественных клеток в радиорезистентный статус, делают микроРНК перспективными прогностическими маркерами радиорезистентности при раке предстательной железы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>radioresistance</kwd><kwd>microRNA</kwd><kwd>DU145</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>радиорезистентность</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>DU145</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed as part of the State assignment of the Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration number 01201363192).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук» (номер государственной регистрации 01201363192).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chaiswing L., Weiss H.L., Jayswal R.D. et al. 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