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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1432</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2021-17-1-82-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical significance of mutations in DNA repair genes in patients with metastatic prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническое значение мутаций в генах репарации ДНК у больных метастатическим раком предстательной железы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9787-8842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mailyan</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маилян</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маилян Овсеп Араратович.</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8.</p></bio><email>osckarmailyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-3020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalpinskiy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калпинский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-6278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4171-6211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nyushko</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нюшко</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3; 125080 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 11.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3398-4128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>B. Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Б. Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284; 11 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125080.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3; 125080 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 11.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-7530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokin</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокин</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 1, 513rd Parkovaya St., Moscow 105425.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105425 Москва, 3-я Парковая ул., 51, стр. 1.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-2505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stakanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаканов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7719-9976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovashchenko</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головащенко</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 2nd Botkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, 3.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет) Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Institute of Continuing Education, Moscow State University of Food Production</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский институт непрерывного образования ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет пищевых производств»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.A. Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology — branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт урологии и интервенционной радиологии им. Н.А. Лопаткина — филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-05-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1432">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1432</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumor in men. Significant advances have been made in the early detection and treatment of localized PCa, but metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC) remains one of the most challenging problems to treat in oncology. To improve treatment outcomes for patients at this stage of the disease, it is necessary to develop personalized therapy options based on the definition of biological predictors. In mCRPC, mutations in DNA repair genes are detected in ~23 % of patients with mCRPC. Detection of these mutations in patients with PCa has important clinical relevance. PCa with mutations in DNA repair genes may be sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Several studies II and III phase have demonstrated the effectiveness of PARP inhibitors with a high objective response rate in the treatment of mCRPC in patients with mutations in the DNA repair genes, which is definitely a more personalized approach to treatment. Identification of hereditary mutations in DNA repair genes is an important prognostic factor for the proband's relatives (for both men and women), which can later be used for genetic counseling of patients and the application of strategies to reduce the risk of malignant diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) — одно из наиболее распространенных злокачественных новообразований у мужчин. Достигнуты значительные успехи в раннем выявлении и лечении локализованного РПЖ, однако метастатический кастрационно-резистентный РПЖ (мКРРПЖ) остается одной из наиболее сложных для лечения проблем в онкоурологии. Для улучшения результатов лечения пациентов на этой стадии заболевания необходима разработка персонализированных вариантов терапии, основанных на определении биологических предикторов. При мКРРПЖ мутации в генах репарации ДНК выявляют у ~23 % больных мКРРПЖ. Обнаружение данных мутаций у пациентов с РПЖ имеет важную клиническую значимость. РПЖ с мутациями в генах репарации ДНК может быть чувствителен к ингибиторам поли(АДФ-рибоза)-полимеразы (poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase, PARP). В нескольких исследованиях II и III фаз продемонстрирована эффективность ингибиторов PARP с высокой частотой объективных ответов в лечении мКРРПЖ у пациентов с мутациями в генах репарации ДНК, что, несомненно, является более персонифицированным подходом в лечении. Идентификация наследственных мутаций в генах репарации ДНК — важный прогностический фактор для родственников пробанда (как для мужчин, так и для женщин), который в дальнейшем может использоваться для генетического консультирования пациентов и применения стратегии снижения риска злокачественных заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>mutations in DNA repair genes</kwd><kwd>PARP inhibitor</kwd><kwd>somatic mutations</kwd><kwd>germline mutations</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>метастатический кастрационно-резистентный рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>мутации в генах репарации ДНК</kwd><kwd>PARP-ингибитор</kwd><kwd>соматические мутации</kwd><kwd>герминальные мутации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant tumors in Russia in 2019 (morbidity and mortality). 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