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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1422</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2021-17-3-95-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. URINARY BLADDER CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак мочевого пузыря</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The clinical aspects of peritonitis developing after cystectomy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинические аспекты послеоперационного перитонита, развившегося после цистэктомии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-5664</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasny</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красный</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Anatol'evich Krasny</p><p>Lesnoy, Minsk Region 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Анатольевич Красный</p><p>223040 Минский район, агрогородок Лесной</p></bio><email>sergeykrasny@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3114-3974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishlo</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишло</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="BY">Belarus</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lesnoy, Minsk Region 223040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иосиф Феликсович Шишло - кандидат медицинских наук, врач-онколог-хирург, отделение гепатопанкреатобилиарной патологии.</p><p>223040 Минский район, агрогородок Лесной</p></bio><email>shif2009@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Alexandrov Republican Research and Practical Center for Oncology and Medical Radiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГУ Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-17"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1422">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1422</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Surgical morbidities of radical cystectomy, which are, as a rule, complicated intraabdominal infections, appear to be the main causes of repeated surgeries and fatal outcomes. The elimination of the infection Indus and an-timicrobic therapy are the currently accepted standard of treatment for postoperative peritonitis in cancer urology, as well as in general surgery hospital.</p><p><bold>Objective: </bold>defining the most reasonable option of surgical aid for peritonitis developing after cystectomy.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. In the time period from 2000 through 2014, 58 cancer patients with postoperative peritonitis developing after cystectomy received indoor treatment at N.N. Alexandrov Republican Research and Practical Center for Oncology and Medical Radiology. Their mean age was 64.9 years, the range 44-90 years, 53 (91.4 %) of them being male. Primary urinary bladder cancer was present in 51 (87.9 %) patients. Peritoneal infection was microbiologically verified in 57 (98.3 %) patients. Each case of fatal outcome was associated with ineffective treatment of peritonitis. Depending on the intraoperative findings (presence or absence of a hollow organ defect) and the surgical approach undertaken (obstructive resection or operation maintaining the continuity of the intestinal and/or urinary tract), the patients were stratified into three groups: group 1 (n = 28), group 2 (n = 20) and group 3 (n = 10). There were no significant differences in the basic parameters specifying peritoneal infection severity between the patients of groups 1 and 2 vs group 3 (p &gt;0.05).</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> Overall mortality amounted to 25.9 %, 15 patients died. Among the 28 (48.3 %) patients (group 1) who underwent obstructive elimination of the peritonitis focus by means of urointestinal reservoir ablation, resection of small or large intestine with ileo- or colostomy, 6 patients died, mortality 21.4 %. In the 10 (17.2 %) patients (group 3) who succeeded in preserving the urinary conduit or continuity of the bowels by anastomosis defect closure, resection of enteroentero-anastomosis or urointestinal reservoir with repeated anastomosing or defect closure, mortality was higher (60 %) (p = 0.045); 6 patients died.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The most effective option of surgical treatment of postoperative peritonitis developing after cystectomy is obstructive reoperation on the bowels and urinary tracts: compared with the intervention consisting in preserving the urinary conduit and/or continuity of the intestinal tract, this type of surgery caused a 2.8-fold lower mortality.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Хирургические осложнения радикальной цистэктомии, такие как осложненные интраабдоминальные инфекции и кишечная непроходимость, - основные причины повторных операций и летальных исходов. Общепринятым стандартом лечения послеоперационного перитонита в онкоурологии, как и в общехирургическом стационаре, являются устранение очага инфекции и антимикробная терапия.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> - определить наиболее приемлемый вариант хирургического пособия при перитоните, развившемся после цистэктомии.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В период с 2000 по 2014 г. в Республиканском научно-практическом центре онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова на стационарном лечении находились 58 онкологических пациентов (из них 53 (91,4 %) мужчины) с послеоперационным перитонитом, который развился после цистэктомии. Средний возраст - 64,9 (44-90) года. Первичный рак мочевого пузыря зарегистрирован у 51 (87,9 %) пациента. Микробиологическое подтверждение инфекции брюшины имелось у 57 (98,3 %) пациентов. Каждый случай летального исхода ассоциирован с неэффективностью лечения перитонита. В зависимости от интраоперационных данных (наличие или отсутствие дефекта полого органа) и предпринятой хирургической тактики (обструктивная резекция или операция с сохранением непрерывности кишечного и/или мочевого тракта) пациенты были стратифицированы на 3 группы: в 1-ю группу вошли 28 пациентов, во 2-ю - 20, в 3-ю - 10. Существенных различий по основным параметрам, характеризующим тяжесть перитонеальной инфекции, среди пациентов 1-й и 2-й групп по сравнению с 3-й не было (р &gt;0,05).</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Общая летальность составила 25,9 %; умерли 15 человек. Среди 28 (48,3 %) пациентов 1-й группы, которым ликвидацию источника перитонита проводили по обструктивному типу путем удаления мочекишечного резервуара, резекцией тонкого или толстого кишечника с илео- или колостомией, умерли 6 человек; летальность - 21,4 %. Из 10 (17,2 %) пациентов 3-й группы, которым удалось сохранить мочевой кондуит или непрерывность кишечника ушиванием дефекта в анастомозе, резекцией межкишечного соустья или мочекишечного резервуара с повторным анастомозированием или ушиванием дефекта, летальность была выше - 60 % (р = 0,045); умерли 6 человек.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Наиболее результативным вариантом хирургического лечения послеоперационного перитонита, развившегося после цистэктомии, является обструктивная реоперация на кишечнике и мочевых путях. По сравнению с вмешательством, состоящим в сохранении мочевого кондуита и/или непрерывности кишечного тракта, при данном типе операции летальность была в 2,8 раза ниже.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urinary bladder cancer</kwd><kwd>radical cystectomy</kwd><kwd>postoperative peritonitis</kwd><kwd>relaparotomy</kwd><kwd>hospital mortality</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>радикальная цистэктомия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационный перитонит</kwd><kwd>релапаротомия</kwd><kwd>госпитальная летальность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Authors express thanks to O.I. Zubets, a specialist of the Group of Statistics and Analysis, Department of Cancer Care for assistance with data analysis</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность специалисту группы статистики и анализа отдела организации противораковой борьбы О.И. 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