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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cancer Urology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cancer Urology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онкоурология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1726-9776</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1996-1812</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1396</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/1726-9776-2021-17-2-72-82</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. PROSTATE CANCER</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак предстательной железы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Low and high-dose-rate brachytherapy in combination with external beam radiotherapy for high risk prostate cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Брахитерапия низкой и высокой мощности дозы в комбинации с дистанционной лучевой терапией и андроген-депривационной терапией у больных раком предстательной железы высокого риска</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-6452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodkiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодкий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Solodkiy - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p><p>SPIN-code: 9556-6556 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солодкий Владимир Алексеевич - профессор, академик РАН, директор РНЦРР МЗ РФ.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p><p>SPIN-код: 9556-6556</p></bio><email>mailbox@rncrr.rssi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-7735</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei Yu. Pavlov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Directorthe.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p><p>SPIN-code: 8380-3919</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Андрей Юрьевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора РНЦРР МЗ РФ.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p><p>SPIN-код: 8380-3919</p></bio><email>mailbox@rncrr.rssi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1647-6180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsibulskii</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбульский</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksei D. Tsibulskiy - Senior Researcher, Department of Oncourology.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p><p>SPIN-code: 1559-1728</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыбульский Алексей Дмитриевич – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения онкоурологии.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p><p>SPIN-код: 1559-1728</p></bio><email>vracheg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-6358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panshin</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паньшин</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgii A. Panshin - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Radiotherapy Clinic (Center for Radiation Therapy and Combined Therapies).</p><p/><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паньшин Георгий Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий клиникой радиотерапии (Центр лучевой терапии и комбинированных методов лечения).</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p></bio><email>g.a.panshin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5789-375X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzidzaria</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзидзария</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr G. Dzidzariya - Head of the Department of Oncourology.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p><p>SPIN-код: 6383-0771</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дзидзария Александр Гудисович - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением онкоурологии РНЦРР МЗ РФ.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p><p>SPIN-код: 6383-0771</p></bio><email>dzidzariamd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9739-4744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzahanov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзаханов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramil I. Mirzakhanov - Clinical Resident.</p><p>86 Profsoyuznaya St., Moscow 117997.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзаханов Рамиль Ирекович - клинический ординатор РНЦРР МЗ РФ.</p><p>117997 Москва, ул. Профсоюзная, 86.</p></bio><email>ramil.mirzakhanov@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenradiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный центр рентгенорадиологии Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-07-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-01-19"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1396">https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1396</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background</bold>. Prostate cancer (PCa) in the Russian Federation takes the leading place in the prevalence of cancer among the male population.</p><p><bold>Objective</bold>: to investigate the effect of increasing a single focal dose in high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) in combination with external beam radiotherapy on biochemical failure-free survival and local control in patients with high-risk PCa. Materials and methods. The study included 350 men with PCa in the group of high and extremely high risk of progression. All patients included in the study were divided into 4 groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 included 276 patients who received HDR-BT with a <sup>192</sup>Ir source with a single dose per fraction: 10 Gy (<italic>n</italic> = 83), 12 Gy (<italic>n</italic> = 46) and 15 Gy (<italic>n</italic> = 147). Group 4 included 74 patients who received low-dose-rate brachytherapy with <sup>125</sup>I sources up to a total focal dose of 110 Gy. At the 2 stage, external beam radiotherapy was a conventional fractionation (single dose of 2 Gy, total - 44-46 Gy).</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. Of 350 patients over a 5-year follow-up period, PCa recurrence was noted in 65 (18.6 %). The 3- and 5-year biochemical failure-free survival rates in the general cohort of patients were 87.4 and 81.4 %. 5-year biochemical failure-free survival was significantly higher in group 3 relative to group 4 and amounted to 89.8 and 74.2 % (<italic>p</italic> = 0.03). Increasing the dose for HDR-BT from 10 to 12 Gy per fraction significantly reduced the frequency of local relapses from 15.7 % (in group 1) to 2.2 % (in group 2) (<italic>p</italic> = 0.0001) while maintaining the level of genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity. Conclusion. The use of a combination of brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy in patients with high risk PCa is highly effective in achieving local control of the tumor. The optimal fractionation regime for HDR-BT remains a matter of debate. The use of 15 Gy per fraction for HDR-BT in combination with external beam radiotherapy is the most optimal fractionation regimen in patients with high-risk PCa.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) в России продолжает занимать лидирующее место по распространенности среди онкологических заболеваний мужского населения.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> - изучить влияние увеличения разовой очаговой дозы при брахитерапии высокой мощности дозы (HDR-БТ) в комбинации с дистанционной лучевой терапией на безрецидивную выживаемость и локальный контроль над опухолью у больных РПЖ высокого риска прогрессирования.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование были включены 350 мужчин с РПЖ группы высокого и крайне высокого риска прогрессирования. Все пациенты были разделены на 4 группы. В 1, 2 и 3-ю группы вошли 276 пациентов, которым в качестве boost применялась HDR-БТ источником <sup>192</sup>Ir с разовой дозой за 1 фракцию 10 Гр (<italic>n</italic> = 83), 12 Гр (<italic>n</italic> = 46) и 15 Гр (<italic>n </italic>= 147) соответственно. В 4-ю группу вошли 74 пациента, которым использовалась брахитерапия низкой мощности дозы источниками <sup>125</sup>I до суммарной очаговой дозы 110 Гр. На 2-м этапе проводилась дистанционная лучевая терапия на зону предстательной железы и регионарного лимфооттока в стандартном режиме фракционирования (разовая доза 2 Гр, суммарная доза 44-46 Гр).</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Из 350 пациентов за 5 лет наблюдения рецидив РПЖ отмечен у 65 (18,6 %) больных. В общей когорте пациентов 3- и 5-летняя специфическая выживаемость по уровню простатического специфического антигена (ПСА) составила 87,4 и 81,4 % соответственно. ПСА-специфическая 5-летняя выживаемость была достоверно выше в 3-й группе, чем в 4-й, и составила 89,8 и 74,2 % соответственно (<italic>р</italic> = 0,03). Увеличение дозы при HDR-БТ с 10 до 12 Гр за фракцию достоверно снизило частоту локальных рецидивов с 15,7 % (в 1-й группе) до 2,2 % (во 2-й группе) (<italic>p</italic> = 0,0001) при сохранении уровня генитоуринарной и гастроинтестинальной токсичности.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Применение комбинации брахитерапии и дистанционной лучевой терапии у больных РПЖ высокого риска прогрессирования характеризуется высокой эффективностью в достижении локального контроля над опухолью. Оптимальный режим фракционирования при HDR-БТ остается предметом обсуждения. Использование дозы 15 Гр за фракцию при HDR-БТ в комбинации с дистанционной лучевой терапией является наиболее оптимальным режимом фракционирования у больных РПЖ высокого риска.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>high-dose brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>low-dose brachytherapy</kwd><kwd>clinical guidelines</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>брахитерапия</kwd><kwd>брахитерапия высокой мощности дозы</kwd><kwd>брахитерапия низкой мощности дозы</kwd><kwd>клинические рекомендации</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovchinnikov V.A., Dovnar O.S. Efficiency of high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the radical treatment of prostate cancer (literature review). 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