Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press137210.17650/1726-9776-2020-16-4-160-169REVIEWОБЗОР18F-FDG positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography in renal cell carcinoma diagnosticsВозможности позитронной эмиссионной томографии, совмещенной с компьютерной томографией, с 18F-ФДГ в диагностике почечно-клеточного ракаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5375-2498IlyakovV. S.ИльяковВ. С.
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kam.zamira@gmail.comRussian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава РоссииN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава РоссииS.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУЗ г. Москвы Городская клиническая больница им. С.П. Боткина Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава РоссииN.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia301220201641601691911202014122020https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1372

Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a method, capable of evaluation of not only structural, but also metabolic alterations in organs and tissues. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-PDG) PET/CT is widely used in diagnostics of various malignant tumors, but its role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains obscure.

Despite its limited effectiveness in primary and differential diagnosis of RCC, PET/CT can be used to determine the grade of malignancy and the histological type of tumor. According to various authors, 18F-FDG standardized uptake value (SUV) of a renal neoplasm can serve as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival.

18F-FDG PET/CT is widely used to detect local recurrence and metastatic lesions in various neoplastic processes. Numerous studies confirm the high efficiency of PET/CT in detection of metastases and recurrence discernment for RCC.

The ability to assess the metabolic activity of neoplastic foci using PET/CT may allow for evaluation of RCC therapy effectiveness, which is confirmed by clinical studies of various targeted therapy agents, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies.

Thus, there is growing evidence that 18F-FDG PET/CT is a useful tool in diagnostics of RCC.

Позитронная эмиссионная томография, совмещенная с компьютерной томографией (ПЭТ/КТ), является методом оценки не только структурных, но и метаболических изменений в органах и тканях. ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-фтордезоксиглюкозой (18F-ФДГ) широко применяется в диагностике различных злокачественных опухолей, однако роль данного метода при почечно-клеточном раке (ПКР) остается неясной.

Несмотря на ограниченную эффективность в первичной и дифференциальной диагностике ПКР, ПЭТ/КТ может быть использована для определения степени злокачественности и гистологического типа опухоли. Кроме этого, по данным различных авторов, показатель стандартизированной величины поглощения (standardized uptake value, SUV) 18F-ФДГ неопластического очага при ПКР может служить независимым прогностическим фактором общей выживаемости.

ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФДГ широко применяется для выявления местного рецидива и метастатической диссеминации при различных неопластических процессах. Результаты многочисленных исследований подтверждают высокую эффективность ПЭТ/КТ в оценке распространенности и диагностике рецидива ПКР.

Возможность определения метаболической активности неопластических очагов с помощью ПЭТ/КТ позволяет использовать этот метод для оценки эффективности терапии ПКР, что подтверждается данными клинических исследований различных таргетных препаратов, таких как ингибиторы тирозинкиназы, ингибиторы мишени рапамицина млекопитающих и моноклональные антитела.

Таким образом, все больше данных свидетельствует в пользу того, что ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФДГ является полезным инструментом в диагностике ПКР.

 

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