Cancer UrologyCancer UrologyОнкоурология1726-97761996-1812Publishing House ABV Press117810.17650/1726-9776-2006-2-2-14-21DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URINARY SYSTEM TUMORS. RENAL CANCERДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ОПУХОЛЕЙ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ. Рак почкиRenal angiomyolipoma: diagnosis and treatmentАнгиомиолипома почки: диагностика и лечениеMatveyevV. B.МатвеевВ. Б.
Russian Federation
SorokinK. V.СорокинК. В.
Russian Federation
N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical SciencesГУ РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина РАМН300620062214211802202018022020https://oncourology.abvpress.ru/oncur/article/view/1178

Renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) is a most common benign tumor. It consists of fat, vascular, epithelioid cells, and smooth-muscle elements. Two types are described: isolated RAML and RAML associated with tuberous sclerosis. Tuberous sclerosis-associated RAML accounts for 20% of the tumors; these lesions are typically larger than RAMLs; they are often bilateral and multiple and tend to grow. The adequate diagnostic tools for RAML include ultrasonography and computed tomography. Fine-needle biopsy can elucidate the diagnosis of RAML in difficult cases. Most minor lesions are asymptomatic and those smaller than 5 cm need only a regular follow-up without intervention. Nephronsparing surgery is recommended if large RAMLs or symptomatic lesions are present. In these cases, the optimum treatment is partial nephrectomy or selective renal embolization. Angioembolization of RAML is a new technique which obviates surgical disadvantages. Positive immunoreactivity to HMB-45 and α-smooth muscle actin is diagnostic for RAML and distinguishes it from renal cell carcinoma.

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